Masoud Talebkhan Garoussi; Ebrahim Hosseinabdai; Ali Reza Khosravi; Faramarz Gharaghozloo; Babak Khorramian; Farhad Moosakhani
Abstract
Background: Prototheca Spp. belongs to family Chlorellaceae and can cause mastitis in dairy cattle herds. Several Prototheca species could be isolated in different parts of the dairy herds. Objectives: The objectives were to determine: (1) the investigation status of bulk tank milk Prototheca Spp prevalence ...
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Background: Prototheca Spp. belongs to family Chlorellaceae and can cause mastitis in dairy cattle herds. Several Prototheca species could be isolated in different parts of the dairy herds. Objectives: The objectives were to determine: (1) the investigation status of bulk tank milk Prototheca Spp prevalence in industrial dairy cattle herds in different area of Iran. And (2). To evaluate the fungal agent prevalence of bulk tank milk of dairy cattle herds in different seasons. Materials and Methods: Bulk tank milk for the presence of Prototheca and fungal agents from 165 industrial dairy cattle herds complexes were tested. The population of each herd were about 850–3500 Holstein dairy cows. The samples were taken from 32 cities and 16 provinces of Iran, respectively. In total, almost 66800 Holstein dairy cows represented. The population of lactating cows included about 25800. Samples were cultured on sabouraud glucose agar (SGA) medium with chloramphenicol (100 mg / l). Results: Only 8 (4.84%) out of 165 samples were isolated for Prototheca Spp. It had been isolated in different seasons. They were 2, 4, 1 and 1 samples in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. Candida, Fusarium and Trichosporon Spp. were isolated from 137, 2 and 1 samples, respectively. According to the obtained results Prototheca and fungal agents are present in bulk tank milk of industrial dairy cattle herds in different provinces of Iran. Conclusion: It is concluded that exposure to Prototheca and different fungal agents could be common in the dairy cattle herds in Iran. The results are important as dairy cattle health and human sanitation hazards.
Elnaz Elahirad; Farhang Sasani; Alireza Khosravi; Mohammad Javad Gharagozlou; Fateme Khanbarari
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cytokeratins are non-contractile intermediate filaments engaged in anchoring and structural functions forming a network to support cytoplasm. Cytokeratin 7 (CK7) expression in human breast carcinomas has proved to be a useful differentiation marker, but its expression in canine mammary gland ...
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BACKGROUND: Cytokeratins are non-contractile intermediate filaments engaged in anchoring and structural functions forming a network to support cytoplasm. Cytokeratin 7 (CK7) expression in human breast carcinomas has proved to be a useful differentiation marker, but its expression in canine mammary gland tumors is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: Cytokeratin 7 (CK7) expression in human breast carcinomas has proved to be a useful differentiation marker, but its expression in canine mammary gland tumors is poorly understood. METHODS: This research was based on the immunohistochemical study of CK7 in 17 cases of canine mammary gland neoplasms obtained from the Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran. Masson’s trichrome staining was performed to differentiate between collagen fibers and smooth muscle. RESULTS: CK7 protein was detected in both epithelial (1 benign mixed tumor, 1 fibroadenoma, 1 complex carcinoma, and 1 carcinoma mixed type) and myoepithelial (1 fibroadenoma, 1 benign mixed tumor, 3 complex carcinomas, 1 ductal carcinoma, and 1 carcinoma mixed type) cells. Fine and thick collagen fibers were observed in the sections stained by Masson’s trichrome. CONCLUSIONS: Despite using CK7 as a differentiation marker in human breast cancer, CK7 had a controversial ex-pression in the epithelial and myoepithelial cells in canine mammary gland neoplasms. Based on the results, CK7 could not be considered as an independent marker for the canine mammary glands epithelial cell detection and a prognostic factor in canine mammary gland neoplasms
Mehdi Hassankhani; Seyed Javid Aldavood; alireza khosravi; farhang sasani; Majid masoudifard; Fereshteh Ansari; Mohammad Taheri Taheri
Abstract
Background: Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive agent that is used in a variety of dermatologic, digestive and hematologic disorders in both humans and small animals. Aims: The effects of long term Azathioprine administration on complete blood count, rate of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, serum immunoglobulins ...
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Background: Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive agent that is used in a variety of dermatologic, digestive and hematologic disorders in both humans and small animals. Aims: The effects of long term Azathioprine administration on complete blood count, rate of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, serum immunoglobulins and protein concentrations of mixed-breed dogs were evaluated in this study. Methods: 24 healthy mixed-breed dogs were divided randomly into two equal control and treatment groups. Dogs in the treatment group received the therapeutic dose of Azathioprine for four months, while the dogs in the control group didn't receive this drug. Peripheral blood samples were taken from both two groups before and after the trial to check CBC, CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes and the concentrations of total protein, albumin, serum IgM and IgG. Results: There was significant decrease in the levels of WBC, RBC, hematocrit and CD4 lymphocyte and double positive CD4/CD8 rates (all p values< 0.001), concentrations of total protein, albumin, serum IgG and IgM (P values: 0.014, 0.001, 0.007 and 0.041 respectively) in treatment group after the trial. Conclusions: Myelotoxicity induced by Azathioprine could be the probable cause of decrements in the rate of WBC and RBC. Decrease in the rate of dpCD4/CD8 might be due to decrement in dpCD4/CD8 progenitor cells and/or decrease in the activation rate of single positive T cells as the result of pharmacological effect of Azathioprine. Disrupted synthesis processes, from genes to proteins through Azathioprine might be the cause of decreases in the level of serum gamma globulins and protein.
علیرضا خسروی; Alireza Khosravi; Donya Nikaein
Abstract
Fungal agents, especially yeasts, are resident in digestive system as microflora and they can invade the mucosal tract in animals with predisposing factors. The prevalence of the resident fungal flora in the digestive tract of healthy broilers and layers during April to September 2008 was investigated. ...
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Fungal agents, especially yeasts, are resident in digestive system as microflora and they can invade the mucosal tract in animals with predisposing factors. The prevalence of the resident fungal flora in the digestive tract of healthy broilers and layers during April to September 2008 was investigated. The samples were taken from the preventriculus, jejunum and cecum contents of 120 birds and cultured on Sabouraud glucose agar. Both filamentous fungus and yeasts were isolated and a predominance of the Candida species was found, followed by Trichosporon beigelii, Geotrichum candidum, Rhodotorula rubra and Saccharomyces cerevisiae species, which were found in 84.6%, 5.5%, 4.6%, 3.3% and 0.5% of cultures, respectively. Among the yeast isolates, Candida albicans (45.8%) was the most prevalent fungal agent, representing a significant proportion when compared to the other fungal isolates (P