Isolation of bovine spermatogonial cells and co-culture with prepubertal sertoli cells in the presence of colony stimulating factor-1
Shiva
Shafiei
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Parviz
Tajik
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Hamid
Ghasemzadeh-nava
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Mansoureh
Movahedin
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran
author
Massoud
Talebkhan Garoussi
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Babak
Qasemi-Panahi
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
author
Peyman
Rahimi Feyli
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2013
eng
BACKGROUND: Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are infrequentself-renewing cells among the type A spermatogoniawithin the seminiferous tubules and are the basis of spermatogenesisin mammalian testis. An adequate number of SSCs is aprimary requirement for the study of their behavior, regulation, andfurther biomanipulation. OBJECTIVES: In this paper, we studiedthe development of the primary co-cultures of type A spermatogoniaand prepubertal bovine sertoli cells in the presence of ColonyStimulating Factor 1 (CSF1), a potential contributor in the SSCniche. METHODS: The effect of different concentrations of CSF1(0, 10, 50 and 100 ng/mL) on the colonization activity of spermatogonialcells was assessed 4, 7 and 11 days after the beginning of theculture by counting the total number of colonies and measuring theirarea in each group of the present experiment. Immunofluorescentstaining against OCT4 and vimentin led to the confirmation of thenature of both the SSCs and sertoli cells. RESULTS: Results showedthat the total number of colonies from day 4 to 11 increasedsignificantly in all groups, independent of CSF1 concentration. Inaddition, the total number and total area of colonies were higher (notsignificant) in 10 and 50 ng/mL CSF1 treatments than the controland 100 ng/mL CSF1 groups in all the three evaluations during theexperiment. However, this difference was only significant (p<0.05)between the total area of colonies in the control and 10 ng/mLCSF1groups at day 4 of co-culture. CONCLUSIONS:It was concluded thatCSF1 can be a suitable growth factor for improving SSCs colonizationin vitro, particularly during the first days of culture whereaccompanying sertoli cells still have not proliferated sufficiently tosupport the propagating spermatogonial cells.
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
University of Tehran
2251-8894
7
v.
2
no.
2013
83
90
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_35058_50993406e8621959632d0110e3b4c494.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijvm.2013.35058
Normal values and seasonal differences in the serum concentration of vitamin Aand beta-carotene in the Iranian camel (Camelus dromedarius)
Alireza
Ghadrdan Mashhadi
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
author
Alireza
Sazmand
Department of Agriculture, Payam e Noor University, Tehran, Iran
author
Abbas
Karimiyan
Graduated from the School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
author
Seyed Hossein
Hekmati Moghaddam
School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
author
text
article
2013
eng
BACKGROUND: Vitamin A which is found in different tissuesand organs plays a particular role in detecting clinical signs invarious deficiency conditions. However, sometimes the marginaldeficiency is present in a way that clinical signs are not visible butperformance defects, such as infertility is seen. OBJECTIVES: Inthis study, the normal baseline levels of vitamin Aand β-carotene inclinically healthy camels (Camelus dromedarius) in the Yazdprovince were investigated. METHODS: A total of 168 Iraniancamels of both sexes were sampled from February 2009 to July2010. Spectrophoto-metry was used for measuring the serumvalues. RESULTS: The mean±SE concentration of vitamin Aand β-carotene were 63.9±4.7 and 9±1.1 μg/dL, respectively. Although,the β-carotene concentr-ation was significantly higher in summer,vitamin Awas not influenced by season. No significant differencein the serum levels of the measured parameters was observed indifferent ages and sexes. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study,for the first time, indicate the concentration of vitamin A and β-carotene in the camels in Iran. This finding can be used as a referenceguide for evaluation of the deficiency or excess of vitamin Aand β-carotene in camels in Iran. Furthermore, due to the lower levels ofvitamin A and β-carotene in Iranian dromedaries during winter,supplementary feeding of vitamin A is recommended during thisseason.
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
University of Tehran
2251-8894
7
v.
2
no.
2013
91
94
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_35056_dfe8e787954a954e7c8e3fc98f2a45a0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijvm.2013.35056
Relative effectiveness of herbal methionine compared to DLmethionine on growth, performance and carcass responses basis in broiler chickens
Sheila
Hadinia
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
author
Mahmood
Shivazad
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
author
Hossein
Moravej
Associate Professor of poultry nutritionDepartment of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
author
Majid
Alahyari-Shahrasb
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
author
text
article
2013
eng
BACKGROUND: The degree to which the amount of aningested nutrient is absorbed and available to the body is calledbioavailability. OBJECTIVES: Relative effectiveness of herbalmethionine (H-Met®) compared to DL-methionine (DL-Met)was investigated in this experiment. METHODS: Exponentialregression analysis was used to determine bioefficacy of H-Met®based on body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion. DLMetand H-Met® were added to a basal diet in 3 and 4 levels,respectively, in starter, grower and finisher periods. Therefore,that met the nutrient and energy requirements of broiler chickens,with the exception of Met+Cys. RESULTS: In the 42-d trial,broilers growth increased significantly (p<0.05), relative tothose broilers fed basal diet, regardless of Met sources. Carcasscharacteristics did not respond significantly to the supplementalMet. CONCLUSIONS: Regression analysis revealed that H-Met®was 52% (body weight gain), 72% (feed intake) and 77% (feedconversion ratio) as efficacious as DL-Met. H-Met® can beadministered as a new and a natural source of Met in poultryindustry.
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
University of Tehran
2251-8894
7
v.
2
no.
2013
95
101
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_35062_3a2b45bfaf8aa56311ec42d106344d73.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijvm.2013.35062
The study of the plerocercoid of diphyllobothriidae (cestoda, pseudophyllidea) in two cyprinid hosts, Abramis brama and Alburnoides bipunctatus from north and northwest of Iran
Emad
Ahmadi Ara
University of Tehran,Faculty of Veterinary MedicineDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Seid Hosein
Hoseini
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Fatemeh
Jalosian
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Hossain Ali
Ebrahimzadeh Husavi
Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Sina
Sachaeifar
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Abbas
Gerami Sadeghiyan
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2013
eng
BACKGROUND: The plerocercoid stage of Pseudophyllideancestoda infected a wide range of fresh water fish,particularly the members of the Cyprinidae family. The parasitespecies are the most common pathogens that have severe effectson fish. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study is todetermine the occurrence and distribution of the plerocercoid ofDiphyllobothriidae in two freshwater fish from north andnorthwest of Iran. Finally, we discuss the role and dynamics ofthese species of fish in the transmission of infection. METHODS:This study was carried out from September 2011 to September2012on a total of 883 A. bipunctatus and 418 A. brama from northand northwest of Iran. The samples were analyzed to find theplerocercoid infection. RESULTS: From a total number of 883 A.bipunctatus and 418 A. brama fish samples, 558 fish (63.19%)of the former and 67 fish (16.02%) of the latter were infected. Therate of infection was significantly lower in winter (p<0.01). Also,the weight of infected fish was significantly lower than noninfectedones (p<0.01). Moreover, the infection in northwest ofIran was significantly higher than north of Iran (p<0.01).CONCLUSIONS: The family of Diphyllobothriidae is an importantcestode and the prevention programs to break the cycleof infection are essential. More suitable solutions to tackle theproblem, further epidemiological studies on other fresh watersources of Iran are needed.
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
University of Tehran
2251-8894
7
v.
2
no.
2013
103
109
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_35060_2c09e1c27aeab9e4cee62fdc9f8e91e5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijvm.2013.35060
Acomparative osteometric evaluation of some cranial indices of clinical significance in goats (Capra hircus) from the middlebelt regions of Nigeria
O.M.
Samuel
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Agriculture Makurdi, Benue state, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria
author
B.O.
Korzerzer
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Agriculture Makurdi, Benue state, Nigeria
author
J. O.
Olopade
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria
author
S. K.
Onwuka
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria
author
text
article
2013
eng
BACKGROUND:There is no comprehension data on anatomicalindices of Nigerian goats. OBJECTIVES: To show osteometricvalues of some cranial indices in Nigerian goats. METHODS:Sixty (60) goat skulls that were found around Makurdi, Kwande,Katsina-ala and the neighbouring Adamawa state of Nigeria,were studied by investigating the 30 craniometric values.RESULTS: The measured distance from the facial tuberosity tothe infraorbital foramen was 2.33±0.29 Cm and 1.80±0.14 Cmfor females and males, respectively. In addition, the distancefrom the medial canthus to the supraorbital foramen was 27±0.31Cm for females and 2.83±0.24 Cm for males; from the lateralalveolar root to the mental foramen was 2.05±0.07 Cm forfemales and 5.10±7.28 Cm for males; and from the mandibularforamen to the ventral border of mandible was 5.90±0.14 Cm forfemales and 5.48±0.43 Cm for males. CONCLUSIONS: Thisbreed of goat might be a different phenotype of the breeds that isavailable in Nigeria.
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
University of Tehran
2251-8894
7
v.
2
no.
2013
111
116
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_35315_8b5180418b75ff8371275c131d78e2a6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijvm.2013.35315
The submandibular salivary gland microscopic morphology of the adult African giant pouched rat (Cricetomys gambianus, waterhouse-1840)
E.
Ikpegbu
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
author
U.C.
Nlebedum
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
Introduction
The major mammalian salivary glands include the
mandibular, submandibular,
author
O.
Nnadozie
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
author
I.O.
Agbakwuru
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
author
text
article
2013
eng
BACKGROUND: In the present study, the submandibularsalivary gland microscopic morphology of the adult Africangiant pouched rat was investigated. This study was carried out toprovide the basic histology of this organ in the giant pouched rat,to accompany the dearth of information of its microscopicarchitecture in the available literature. This becomes of evenhigher importance when considering the possible use of thisspecies of rodent as a future laboratory animal to replace theWinster rat, because of its bigger size and the possibility ofdomesticating the giant pouched rat as a ready source of animalprotein. In addition, the need to understand the digestive biologyto help animal nutritionists in feeding formulation may also beachieved. The histology revealed the presence of both serous andmucus secretory acini. Some mucus cells showed serousdemilumes. The myoeithelial cells were seen around thesecretory cells and the intercalated ducts. The serous glandregion with more relatively profuse intralobular ducts was largerin size than the mucus gland region. The intralobular ducts ofintercalated and striated ducts were lined by simple cuboidal andsimple columnar cells, respectively. The excretory duct waslined by the stratified cuboidal cells. The large serous glandularregion reflects need for more enzymic action in the oral cavity,while the mucus glands will help produce mucin that willlubricate the digestive tract. This study, for the first timedocuments the normal histology of submandibular salivarygland in this species, hence filling the knowledge gap that willhelp further research especially on the role of myoepihelial cellsin the secretory glands tumours.
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
University of Tehran
2251-8894
7
v.
2
no.
2013
117
122
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_35491_08fbb1595f5dfbcd0b55eed4b6a75cf8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijvm.2013.35491
Use of N-trimethyl chitosan for intranasal delivery of DNA encoding M2e-HSP70c in mice
Mehran
Dabaghian
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Seyyed Mahmoud
Ebrahimi
Research Center of Virus and Vaccine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Gholamraza
Nikbakhat Borojeni
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Majid
Tebianian
Department of Biotechnology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Karaj, Iran
author
Ali
Rezaei Mokaram
Department of Biotechnology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Karaj, Iran
author
Maryam
Iman
Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Alireza
Tavangar Ranjbar
Department of Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2013
eng
BACKGROUND: Influenza outbreak has become a great lifethreateningdisease in the world. Nasal vaccines can inducesystemic IgG and mucosal IgA antibody responses, whichestablish two layers of immune defense against the infectiouspathogens like influenza. Mucosal vaccines must overcomeseveral limitations, including the mucociliary clearance andinefficient uptake of soluble antigens. Therefore, nasal vaccinesrequire potent adjuvants and delivery systems. OBJECTIVES: Inthis study we evaluated the effect of N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC)as a potent vehicle for DNA encoding M2e/HSP70c in order forintranasal administration in mice. METHODS:Ectodomain of theconserved influenza matrix protein 2 (M2e), which has beenfound to induce heterosubtypic immunity, was fused toHSP70359-610 or C-terminus of Mycobacterium tuberculosisHSP70 (HSP70c) in pcDNA3.1 vector (pcDNA/M2e-HSP70c)and then encapsulated into a derivative of chitosan, N-trimethylchitosan (TMC). After encapsulation of the plasmid, physicalproperties of the particles were investigated using Zetasizer®3000 the particles were then administered through the intranasaldelivery in BALB/c mice. RESULTS: It was found that theparticles had a size ranging between 90-120nm and positivesurface charge. The intranasal immunization with M2e-HSP70c+TMC in BALB/c mice significantly induced higherM2e specific IgG than those induced in control groups(pcDNA/M2e-HSP70c without TMC, pcDNA/M2e, bearingM2e alone, and PBS).CONCLUSIONS: The present study showedthat the encapsulation of M2e/ HSP70c into N-trimethylchitosan (TMC) could strongly induce the humoral immuneresponse against the M2e-HSP70c plasmid without lowering theadjuvant efficacy of HSP70c.
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
University of Tehran
2251-8894
7
v.
2
no.
2013
123
128
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_35063_090ff952d3729a2910a1a45bec562494.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijvm.2013.35063
Preventive effect of omega-3 fatty acids on ethinyl estradiolinduced hepatosteatosis in female wistar rat
Marjan
Chahardahcherik
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran
author
Ali
Shahriari
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran
author
Peyman
Asadian
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
author
Saleh
Esmaeilzadeh
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz. Iran.
author
text
article
2013
eng
BACKGROUND: Hepatic steatosis due to estrogen therapyincreases the activity of inflammatory markers, particularly theactivity of TNFα which in turn induces more lipogenesis.Omega-3 fatty acids are among the negative regulators of hepaticlipogenesis. OBJECTIVES: In this research, the preventive effectof omega-3 fatty acids on estrogen-induced steatosis in rats wasevaluated. METHODS:2 mg/kg. BW/SC of 17α-ethiny-lestrasdiolwere injected into 25 female wistar rats in 5 equal groups(excluding the control group) over 10 consecutive days.Simultaneously, 3 of estradiol-treated groups were orally given250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg. BW omega-3 fatty acids, respectively.At the end of the experiment, plasma ALT, AST, and TNFαlevel were determined. Histopathological changes in the liverwere also identified by the evaluation of samples stained withH&E and Oil Red O. RESULTS: The histological findingsrevealed hepatic microvesicular steatosis and fat deposit inethinylestradiol and, to a lesser extent, in the 250 mg/kg BWomega-3 fatty acids groups. The plasma levels of AST, ALT, andTNFα significantly increased in the ethinylestradiol groupcompared to the control (p<0.05) and 1000 mg/kg. B.W omega-3 group. Omega-3 fatty acids reduced these parameters incomparison to the estradiol group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Itwas concluded that 1000mg/kg.BW of omega-3 protects theliver against steatotic injuries.
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
University of Tehran
2251-8894
7
v.
2
no.
2013
129
134
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_35061_ffb3d5ed7a56a8a9e43ae22e7944fc5b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijvm.2013.35061
Detection of avian reoviruses causing tenosynovitis in breeder flocks in Iran by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)
Mahdi
Hedayati
Department of Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Bahram
Shojadost
Department of Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Seyed Mostafa
Peighambari
Department of Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2013
eng
BACKGROUND:Avian reoviruses (ARVs) are members of theOrthoreovirus genus; one of the 12 genera of the Reoviridaefamily. The ARVs are the cause of some important diseases inpoultry such as reovirus-induced arthritis, tenosynovitis,chronic respiratory disease, and mal-absorption syndrome.OBJECTIVES: In this study, the presence of ARVs in the Iranianbreeder flocks was investigated through reverse transcriptionpolymerasechain reaction (RT-PCR) and restriction enzymefragment length polymorphism (RFLP). METHODS: A total of800 fecal swab samples were initially collected from breederflocks (older than 45 weeks of age). They were then sent to thelaboratory in containers with PBS, and after that they werepooled and finally to 120 samples were obtained. The total RNAextracted from the pooled fecal samples were used to amplify theselected parts of the S1 (1023 bp) and S4 (437 bp) genes from theARV field isolates using RT-PCR. The positive RT-PCRamplified products were further analyzed by RFLP using fiverestriction enzymes. RESULTS: Based on the findings, 5 sampleswere positive with the S1 primer and 6 samples were with the S4one. The patterns observed after the digestion of PCR productsrevealed that the isolates of this study were identical to both theS1133 vaccine and standard strains. CONCLUSIONS: Thefindings suggested that the RT-PCR/RFLP analysis might beconsidered as a simple and rapid approach for the differentiationof ARVisolates. This study was the first molecular detection ofthe ARVs presence in the Iranian breeder flocks using the RTPCRamplification of the S1 and S4 genes and RFLP analysis.
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
University of Tehran
2251-8894
7
v.
2
no.
2013
135
142
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_35057_9089568420614a44d367d2b5259bfaab.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijvm.2013.35057
Footpad horn hypertrophy and vertical fissure accompanied by white line disease 2 in case of concurrent deep digital sepsis in a culling cow
Mohsen
Nouri
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2Department
author
Seyed Hossein
Mardjanmehr
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Alireza
Vajhi
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Iraj
Norozian
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Davoud
Faskhoudi
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2013
eng
A5.2 year-old Holstein cow was presented with lameness andabnormal weight bearing in a slaughterhouse. Widening of theperiople and swelling of the heel area in the lateral claw was morepermanent than the medial claw. Vertical fissure (VF) involvingthe coronary band to the middle of the dorsal wall of the medialhind claw was observed. It was also extended to the bearingsurface in the inner surface of the claw wall. White line disease 2(WLD2) was seen in the length of VF on the bearing surface. Thehorn of the bulb apex of the lateral hind claw was hypertrophic.There was a groove in the footpad between the apex and base ofthe bulb too. Grosspathologically, the digital bones showed awide range of bone changes such as new bone formation, pedalosteolysis and bony ankylosis. The hind leg was amputated at thetarsus immediately after slaughter. The lower limbs of lame cowswere examined and the type and distribution of digital lesionswere tabulated. An x-ray machine was used in this study to takeradiographic images. The radiographic images taken from theinvolved digits of the affected case depicted a quite wide rangeof radiographic signs. After the first review of the X-ray film,samples were selected for further procedures throughputrefaction. Laminitis may have affected this case at someprevious time. Routine trimming seems to have prevented thepremature culling in the cows with claw lesion.
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
University of Tehran
2251-8894
7
v.
2
no.
2013
143
147
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_35059_32fa7b31409d6891a5d72d1dda5436bf.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijvm.2013.35059