2024-03-29T04:47:10Z
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=7745
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Iran J Vet Med
2251-8894
2251-8894
2016
10
2
Detection of chlamydial infection in Iranian turkey flocks
Zolikha
Tatari
Seyed Mostafa
Peighambari
Seyed Ahmad
Madani
Background: Avian chlamydiosis is a zoonotic disease ofbirds caused by the intracellular bacterium Chlamydia psittaci. Avianchlamydiosis leads to severe respiratory disease in young turkeys and eggproduction losses in layers. OBJECTIVES: Due to paucity of information about theprevalence of chlamydial infection in the turkey population in Iran, this studywas conducted to detect chlamydial infection in some Iranian turkey flocks indifferent provinces. METHODS: A total of 177 samples were taken from turkeysand first verified as Chlamydiaceae by Chlamydiaceae-specificreal-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) by detection of the 23S RNAgene of Chlamydiaceae (Ct values ranging from 34 to 38) and thenpositive samples were investigated for the presence of C. psittaci by anested PCR. RESULTS: Seventeen of 177 samples (9.6%), correspondingto 13 farms of 48 examined farms were positive for Chlamydiaceae byreal-time PCR. None of the positive samples were found to be C. psittaciin the nested PCR. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed no C. psittaciinfection in the turkey population in Iran. We recommend investigation on otherfarm animals and wild populations for possible chlamydial infection and forbetter understanding of the source and epidemiology of this agent. Due to thechallenges that exist for sampling and the relevant impact on reducing positivesamples, investigation by parallel and complementary techniques may be usefulin showing the true prevalence of infection in the target populations
Chlamydia psittaci
nested PCR
Real-Time PCR
Turkey
2016
04
01
83
90
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_57893_9976c8a2a446649231101581110d45e7.pdf
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Iran J Vet Med
2251-8894
2251-8894
2016
10
2
Frequency of selected virulence-associated genes in intestinal and extra-intestinal Escherichia coli isolates from chicken
Sara
Eftekharian
masood
ghorbanpoor
Masoud Reza
Seyfi Abad Shapouri
Reza
Ghanbarpour
Ramazanali Jafari
Jafari
Amir
Amani
Background: Although Escherichia coli (E. coli)is a part of intestinal normal microflora of warm-blooded animals, includingpoultry, outbreaks occur in poultry raised below standard sanitation and duringthe course of respiratory or immunosuppressive diseases. Avian pathogenic E.coli (APEC) harbors several genes associated with virulence andpathogenicity. APEC strains are responsible for some diseases in poultryincluding colibacillosis, swollen head syndrome, yolk sac infection, omphalitisand coli granuloma. OBJECTIVES: Theaim of this study was examination of the presence and frequency of threeimportant virulence genes in intestinal and extra-intestinal (liver) E. coliisolates from chicken of Khuzestan province in the southwest of Iran. METHODS:Totally 120 (60 intestinal and 60 liver) E. coli isolates were examinedby polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of aerobactin (iutA),temperature sensitive hemagglutinin (tsh) and fimbriae type 1 (fimH )genes. RESULTS: The results showedthat tsh, iutA and fimH are respectively present in 78.3%, 70% and 61.7% ofliver isolates while in intestinal ones the frequency of these genes was 21.7%,41.7% and 41.7% respectively. The most prevalent genotypes in extra intestinaland intestinal isolates were tsh+fimH+iutA+ and tsh-fimH-iutA-respectively. CONCLUSIONS: It seems that these sets of virulence genes are significantly moreprevalent (P<0.05) in extra intestinal isolates and probably these genesplay an important role in the pathogenesis of APEC isolates in the southwest ofIran. Although these virulence genes were not present in all APEC isolates their frequencies were high and using theproducts of these genes in vaccines may be effective in protecting againstinfections caused by this bacterium
aerobactin
chicken
Escherichia coli
fimbriae type 1
temperature sensitive hemagglutinin (tsh)
2016
04
01
91
96
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_57894_a5959c02bc59fccfed390b03755a597a.pdf
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Iran J Vet Med
2251-8894
2251-8894
2016
10
2
Detection of eaeA, hlyA, stx1 and stx2 genes in pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from broilers affected with colibacillosis
Abdollah
Jamshidi
Jamshid
Razmyar
Neda
Fallah
Background: Foodborne outbreaks associated with shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) have been well documented worldwide. STECs are major causative agents of gastroenteritis in humans that may be complicated by hemorrhagic colitis (HC), hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), and thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura (TTP). OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of virulence-associated genes including eaeA, hlyA, stx1 and stx2 in Escherichia coli strains isolated from broiler’s Colibacillosis in the northeast of Iran. METHODS: From a total of 78 E.coli strains isolated from yolk sac infection, hepatitis and pericarditis, that were referred to educational veterinary clinic during 2011-2014, subculturing of the isolates was performed using selective media and a typical colony from each sample was subjected to multiplex PCR assay for identification of the presence of STEC important virulence-associated genes (eaeA, hlyA,stx1 and stx2) causing shiga toxin-mediated diseases. RESULTS: Of 78 E.coli isolates, one isolate was positive for both eaeA and hlyA genes while negative for stx1 and stx2 genes. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed low prevalence of STEC virulence genes associated with human infections in avian pathogenic E.coli (APEC) strains isolated from different flocks of broilers affected with colibacillosis.
chicken colibacillosis
Escherichia coli
STEC
2016
04
01
97
103
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_57895_6c254af8a04ce6bb4bcfe111dc51bf2c.pdf
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Iran J Vet Med
2251-8894
2251-8894
2016
10
2
Use of immunogenic moiety of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A as a DNA vaccine in experimentally contaminated mice
Sahar
Nouri Gharajalar
Malahat
Ahmadi
Shahram
Shahabi
Bahman
Hosseini
Background: DNA immunization is an appropriate method to produce an immunological response. Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces exotoxin A which is highly cytotoxic for eukaryotic cells. Since domains II (translocation domain) and 1b of the toxin have antigenic qualities, so they could be useful candidates to protect against pseudomonas infections. Objectives: To evaluate if recombinant plasmid containing immunogenic domain of exotoxin A might be protective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Methods: To study the biologic and immunological effects of antigenic domains of exotoxin A, plasmid expression vector (pET28a) containing domain II and 1b of exotoxin was constructed. To evaluate the effects of intracellular recombinant gene expression, BALB/C mice were immunized with the recombinant plasmid and then subjected to third degree thermal injury and the humoral immunity responses were assayed. Results: Immunization with the recombinant plasmid containing translocation and 1b domains of exotoxin A resulted in increasing antibodies production (IgA and IgG) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. DNA immunization significantly decreased the bacterial count liver, spleen, blood and inoculated burns after challenging with P. aeruginosa and dramatically improved the survival rate of burn-injured mice. Conclusions: Finally, immunization by gene encoding antigenic products may be a good technique for protection against P. aeruginosa infections.
DNA immunization
exotoxin A
mice
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
2016
04
01
105
112
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_57896_a7ab89e1942c9b3994b8be2934cba1a8.pdf
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Iran J Vet Med
2251-8894
2251-8894
2016
10
2
Comparison of Leptospira interrogans infection in the goats and sheep
Mohammad
Haji Hajikolaei
Sareh
Rezaei
Alireza
Ghadrdan Mashhadi
Masoud
Ghorbanpour
Gholamreza
Abdollahpour
Background: Most leptospiral infections in sheep and goat are asymptomatic but may result in high fever, abortion, stillbirth, agalactiae. There is a different foraging behavior between sheep and goat that may cause the different prevalence of Leptospira interrogans infection in sheep and goats. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to compare the prevalence of L. interrogans antibodies in sheep and goats. METHODS: Blood samples were taken from 246 sheep and 210 goats in 12 herds from 8 areas of Ahvaz where the animals were kept together. Sera were initially screened at dilution of 1:100 against 8 live serovars of L. intrrogans: pomana, canicola, hardjo, ballom, ictrohaemorrhagiae, grippotyphosa, tarasovi and australis using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). RESULTS: The prevalence of leptospiral infection was 8.53% in sheep and 10.95% in goats. The highest reacting leptospira in both species was L.i. Pomona with a reactor rate of 68.18% in sheep and 56% in goats, followed in descending order by ictrohaemorrhagiae (18.8%), canicula, hardjo and grippotyphosa (each of them 4.54%), in sheep and ictrohaemorrhagiae (28%), canicula (16%) in goats. Statistical analysis showed that were no significant differences between sheep and goat (P=0.428). There were no significant differences among age groups in sheep (p=0.301) and goats (p= 0.363), but there was a tendency in adults sheep and goats (≥3years) to be more seropositive than young sheep and goats. Seroprevalence of leptospiral infection among various areas in sheep (p= 0.464) and goats (p= 0.710) was also not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that there is no difference between sheep and goats in terms of leptospiral infection when they are kept together in the same herd and husbandry condition.
Goat
leptospirosis
Seroprevalence
sheep
2016
04
01
113
119
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_57897_cd796091c7788a4b59a24958dcd383bb.pdf
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Iran J Vet Med
2251-8894
2251-8894
2016
10
2
An outbreak of a mixed infection due to fungal (Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes) and parasitic (Geckobiella donnae) agents on green iguanas
Aghil
Sharifzadeh
Alireza
Khosravi
Hojatollah
Shokri
Asad
Balal
Fatemeh
Arabkhazaeli
Background: Green iguana (Iguana iguana) is one of the newly imported exotic pets which has been observed with increasing regularity in veterinary clinics in Iran. Despite their popularity, information about their diseases is scarce. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the pathogenic agents in green iguanas with skin disorders. METHODS: The animals were brought to Small Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran, Iran, with chronic pruritic dermatitis, scabs, loss of spines and deep ulcerative dermatitis located over the body. During physical exam, deposits of dry seborrhea were taken and processed for diagnosis. The clinical specimens were cultured on sabouraud dextrose agar containing chloramphenicol and cycloheximide and mycosel agar. RESULTS: Microscopic examination revealed fungal elements as Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes and psoroptid mites as Geckobiella donnae. CONCLUSIONS: This was the first report of the presence of fungal and parasitic agents as the etiological agents of dermatological disorders in green iguanas.
dermal co-infection
Geckobiella donnae
Green iguana
Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes
2016
04
01
121
125
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_57898_cb19a9cabbcb2ff3ff3aec4cfbd25662.pdf
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Iran J Vet Med
2251-8894
2251-8894
2016
10
2
Doppler echocardiographic findings in tissue engineered aortic valve in a sheep model
Mohammad Reza
Mokhber Dezfouli
Hamid
Tavanaeimanesh
Mohammad Mehdi
Dehghan
Farzad
Hayati
Sirous
Sadeghian Chaleshtori
Hesameddin
Akbarein
Pouya
Pournaghi
Background: Heart valve diseases are considered a common disease in human and animals, and valve replacement is an option for treatment of valvular diseases. Objectives: In this study efficacy of a tissue engineered valve in thoracic aorta was evaluated with transthoracic echocardiography. Methods: This study was undertaken on 6 male sheep. Echocardiography was performed on all sheep 24 hours before surgery and repeated 24 hours (D1), 2 weeks (W2) and 4 weeks (W4) after surgery. Right parasternal long axis view of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) was used to assess hemodynamic across new valve. Results: Velocity time integral (VTI) significantly decreased from 18.98±2.88 before surgery to 12.55±2.48 one day after surgery (D1) (p<0.05). Mean Velocity (Vmean) decreased significantly from 52.56±12.01 to 39.72±12.30 at D1 (p<0.05). But maximum velocity (Vmax) was constant during study. There was not any statistical difference between mean Pressure gradient (Pgmean) or maximum pressure gradient (Pgmax) in comparison with pre-surgery and D1, W2 and W4. At D1, W2 and W4, time to peak (TTP) differed significantly from previous time. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that this tissue engineered aortic valve (TEAV) could change some hemodynamic parameters, but heart could compensate some of them. Valve movement remained normal but the major complication was aneurism which seems to be the result of poor scaffold.
Echocardiography
Heart
hemodynamic
tissue engineer
Valve
2016
04
01
127
133
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_57899_ad2a7e8fd325129b20de581bfbb694f0.pdf
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Iran J Vet Med
2251-8894
2251-8894
2016
10
2
Relationship between ghrelin and estrogen in the ovary of pregnant sheep
Ali
Sookhtehzari
Masoud
Alirezaei
Background:Ghrelin, an endogenous ligand for the growthsecretagogue receptor is predominantly produced in the stomach and anexpression of ghrelin has recently been identified in placenta and ovary. OBJECTIVES: Therefore, we decited to measure ovarian ghrelin as quantitative andevaluate the correlation between ghrelin and estrogen during second half ofovine pregnancy. METHODS: The ovarian samples were collected from 40pregnant sheep in 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5 and 5 months of pregnancy in a local abattoir.Follicles and active corpora lutea (CL) were dissected from surroundingtissues, separately. The samples were homogenized with phosphate buffer (0.1 M,pH=7.4) on liquid nitrogen to provide fluid samples. Ghrelin and estrogenconcentrations were measured by ELISA method and expressed as milligram (mg)and picogram (pg) per mg of tissue protein, respectively. RESULTS:There was a linear correlation between ghrelin and estrogen in ovarian follicles(r=0.97 and p=0.004), but not in CL. Follicular ghrelin significantly increasedin 4, 4.5 and 5 months (p<0.001) but CL ghrelin significantly decreased inthe 4.5 month of ovine pregnancy (p<0.01). Estrogen concentration was alsosignificantly higher in 4-5 months of pregnancy in ovarian follicles(p<0.001) but potent CL indicated higher estrogen level only in the 5thmonth of pregnancy (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS:These results emphasize the role of ghrelin inthe reproductive system and open a new window to future studies
corpora lutea
estrogen
follicle
Ghrelin
sheep
2016
04
01
135
141
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_57900_4ee13cb91daf38ac889b4802c0b123b1.pdf
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Iran J Vet Med
2251-8894
2251-8894
2016
10
2
EPSA1 and VPF genes expression during embryonic and larval development period of Beluga, Huso huso
Ali
Taheri Mirghaed
Background: The Endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1 (EPSA1) is the key transcriptional regulator of hypoxic response and Vascular Permeability Factor (VPF) is an important growth factor for vascular development and angiogenesis. OBJECTIVES: In the present study, the levels of the EPSA1 coding gene and VPF transcripts were evaluated during Larval development of Beluga, Huso huso. METHODS: Samples at 12 developmental time-points including 1, 2, 4 days before hatch (eyed eggs), fresh hatched larvae (0), and larvae 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 50 days post-hatching were collected and stored in a −80 °C freezer until RNA extraction. Changes in EPSA1 and VPF mRNA expression were studied and differences in normalized mRNA expression levels among the different developmental stages of H. huso were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS: The transcripts of EPSA1 and VPF were detected in all developmental time-points of H. huso from embryos to fingerling fish. Our results revealed that the mRNA expression of EPSA1 and VPF was low during embryonic development and then upregulated significantly at the time of hatch and early larval time-points, whereas in the late larval development stages they started to decline. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that there is an association between the EPSA1 and VPF mRNA expression during larval development of H. huso. The up regulation of EPSA1 and VPF transcripts at the time of hatch and during yolk sac fry development of H. huso is likely tied to the role of them in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis.
gene expression
larval development
Sturgeon
2016
04
01
143
150
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_57901_8722a84626684276d1678fcdaf631cc1.pdf
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Iran J Vet Med
2251-8894
2251-8894
2016
10
2
Monocephalus omphalopagus (tetrabrachius tetrapus) in a lamb
Bahador
Shojaei
Mohammad
Nazem
Seyed Mohsen
Sajjadian
Mohammad
Hasanzadeh
Hojjatollah
Jafari
Caudal duplication is an abnormality which usually affects the digestive, urogenital and even respiratory systems. It forms a graded series from slight duplication to near separation of two fetuses caudocranially. In some conjoined twins, duplication process may cranially proceed up to the head region. This kind of developed conjoined monocephalus twin has been reported in many domestic species and is classified as thoracopagus or omphalopagus twins according to the presence of one or two hearts, respectively. A male dead conjoined monocephalus twin lamb attached from neck to thorax was used for this study. Lateral and dorso-ventral digital radiography and anatomic dissection were performed on the case. The results showed that duplication process of the gastrointestinal tract interestingly prevented cranial to the midgut, while more cranial organs such as heart, lungs and even brain were seen duplicated. Duplication anomaly has been mostly reported cranially in cattle and caudally in sheep. Nevertheless, if duplication process does not occur completely, some body organs of the resulting conjoined twin will remain unduplicated. Duplication process of this case is thought to strengthen Spencer’s spherical theory.
duplication
monocephalus
omphalopagus
Lamb
2016
04
01
151
156
https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_57902_6358a58cf060e2d5a5a2f50263cf8098.pdf