University of TehranIranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88945320110901Salmonella infection in birds kept in parks and pet shops in Tehran, Iranآلودگی سالمونلوز در پرندگان زینتی پارک ها و پرنده فروشی های تهران، ایران1451482383910.22059/ijvm.2011.23839ENسید مصطفیپیغمبریگروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانSeyed MostafaPeighambariگروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانAzamYazdaniگروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانPeymanHojjatiگروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانJournal Article19700101Salmonellosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases worldwide. Salmonella infections in wild birds are reported frequently. The objectives of this study were to isolate Salmonella serovars from a large collection of samples obtained from pet birds in Tehran, Iran, and then to determine the serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the isolates. Between October 2007 and August 2008, 668 samples from 24 different species were collected from birds kept in parks and pet shops of Tehran. Samples contained cloacal swabs from large birds, freshly-dropped feces from small birds and, infrequently, carcasses. Multiple samples from the same bird were pooled and considered as an individual sample. All samples were cultured for the isolation and identification of Salmonella serovars according to standard procedures. Serotyping was performed by slide agglutination test to determine the O and H antigens of the isolates. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined to a panel of 30 antimicrobial agents using the agar disc diffusion method. In total, 19 Salmonella isolates (2.8%) were identified. Samples that were positive for Salmonella originated from canaries (10 out of 62, 16.1%), pigeons (5 out of 139, 3.6%), psittacines (3 out of 130, 2.3%), and eagles (1 out of 2, 50%). All Salmonella isolates were susceptible to danofloxacin, norfloxacin, levofloxacin, amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin. Resistance to other antibacterial agents was variable and ranged from 0-57.9%. There were 17 resistance patterns among the isolates. Serotyping identified nine isolates (47.3%) as serogroup B, six isolates (31.5%) as serogroup C, and four isolates (21%) as serogroup D. The findings of this study showed the presence of Salmonella infection among captive birds. Due to the close contact between these type of birds and humans, these findings present an important risk for public health.https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_23839_5302826dc6e5c4f7e2cc0285a6a0ceb8.pdfUniversity of TehranIranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88945320110901Vibro parahaemolyticus in cultured shrimps and their environment in South Iranمطالعه ویبریو پاراهمولیتیکوس (Vibrio parahaemolyticus) در میگوهای پرورشی و محیط آنها در ایران1491502384010.22059/ijvm.2011.23840ENحسینعلیابراهیم زاده موسویگروه بهداشت و بیماریهای آبزیان، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانAfshinAkhondzadeh Bastiگروه بهداشت موادغذایی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانMahdiSoltaniگروه بهداشت و بیماریهای آبزیان، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانSeyed SaeedMirzargarگروه بهداشت و بیماریهای آبزیان، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانAliTaheri Mirghaedگروه بهداشت و بیماریهای آبزیان، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانHosseinEsmaeiliگروه میکروبیولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانFaridFirouzbakhshگروه شیلات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساریJournal Article19700101Samples of water, sediment and shrimp obtained from hatcheries and culture ponds were collected over a period of four months and were analyzed for Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Samples included the following: two samples of shrimp larva from two hatchery ponds (WLH); 14 samples of water, sediment and shrimp from 14 culture ponds supplied with shrimp larvae from the same hatchery ponds that were obtained one month after farm stocking (WC1, SeC1, and SC1, respectively); 14 samples of water, sediment and shrimp from the same 14 culture ponds, obtained 3 months after farm stocking (WC3, SeC3, and SC3, respectively); and 14 shrimp samples, from the same 14 culture ponds, collected from market (SM). Twelve samples of Persian Gulf Shrimp (SPM) were also obtained from the market and analyzed. V. parahaemolyticus was detected in 21.4% (3/14) WC1, 7.1% (1/14) SeC1, 35.7% (5/14) SC1, 42.8% (6 out of 14, of which one was Kanagawa-positive) WC3, 14.3% (2/14) SC3, 35.7% (5/14) SM, and 12% (3/12) SPM. No instance of WLH and SeC3 was detected. The isolation of V. parahaemolyticus, especially if Kanagawa positive, suggests a probable health risk for people wishing to consume raw or under-cooked shrimp.https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_23840_4b02f08e79045457a4c1b258d1c29f68.pdfUniversity of TehranIranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88945320110901Hepatic triacylglycerols and serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) variations in indigenous water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in the province of Khuzestan, Iranتغییرات تری اسیل گلیسرول کبد و اسیدهای چرب غیراستریفیه سرم در گاومیش های آبزی بومی خوزستان1511552384110.22059/ijvm.2011.23841ENمحمدنوریگروه علوم آزمایشگاهی دانشکده پیراپزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی شاپور اهوازMohammadNouriگروه علوم درمانگاهی دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهوازMohammad RahimHaji Hajikolaeiگروه علوم درمانگاهی دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهوازAliShahryariگروه علوم پایه، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهوازMohammad RezaShiraziگروه علوم پایه، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهوازAriaRasooliگروه علوم درمانگاهی دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهوازJournal Article19700101Fatty liver is a metabolic disorder of dairy cows in early lactation, and approximately half of multi-parous dairy cows experience a moderate to severe fatty liver at calving. Since the occurrence of fatty liver in buffalo is not known, the aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatic content of triacylglycerols (TAG) and total lipids (TL), and the serum content of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in native buffalo at different stages of productivity. The relationship between body condition score (BCS), age, serum NEFA content and hepatic TAG and TL content was also considered. A total of 119 blood and liver samples were randomly collected from indigenous buffalo immediately after slaughter. Buffalo were divided into six groups: male, heifer, non-pregnant lactating, 1-8 months pregnant lactating, late pregnant and immediately post parturient. Serum NEFA concentration in late pregnant and recently calved buffalo was significantly higher than that of males and heifers. Liver TAG content rose significantly in the first months after parturition, but liver TL content was not affected by the physiological status of the animals. Serum NEFA concentration was not associated with liver TAG or TL content. BCS had no significant correlation with either serum NEFA concentration or age of the animals. The results showed that an increase in liver TAG and serum NEFA was seen in late pregnancy and after parturition in buffalo, similar to results in cows. However, TAG and NEFA levels were much lower than in dairy cattle and it can therefore be concluded that there is no indication of fatty liver in buffalo.https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_23841_7e2d4c5e38ea23456df3cb608f015ba1.pdfUniversity of TehranIranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88945320110901Effect of adding probiotics into the rearing tanks of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) for the exploitation of Artemia urmiana, Artemia fransiscana and Artemia parthenogenetica Naupliiتاثیرپروبیوتیک ها در حوضچه های پرورشی لارو کپور علفخوار (Ctenopharyngodon idella) بر بهره برداری از ناپلی آرتمیا اورمیانا(Artemia urmiana)، آرتمیا فرانسیسکانا (Artemia fransiscana) و آرتمیا پارتنوژنتیکا (Artemia parthenogenetica)1571612384210.22059/ijvm.2011.23842ENحجتجعفریانگروه شیلات، مجتمع آموزش عالی گنبد کاووسMahdiSoltaniگروه شیلات، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانHashemNoferestiگروه شیلات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگانPoonehEbrahimiگروه شیلات، مجتمع آموزش عالی گنبد کاووسJournal Article19700101Bacillus spp. are Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria used commercially as probiotics in the larviculture of fish. Bacillus spp. can act positively on cultured organisms by enhancing their survival and growth, stimulating their digestive and immune systems, and improving water quality. In this present study, grass carp larvae were fed on Artemia urmiana, Artemia fransiscana and Artemia parthenogenetica nauplii. In probiotic trials, the combination of Bacillus circulans and Bacillus licheniformis was also added to rearing tanks of grass carp at 1×106 CFU/L. Final body weight, specific growth rate, thermal growth coefficient, daily growth coefficient and relative gain rate were all affected by the addition of probiotic Bacillus spp. (P<0.05). The greatest improvements in growth parameters were obtained in the group fed A. parthenogenetica plus probiotic bacteria, while the group fed A. urmiana plus probiotic bacteria had significantly (P<0.05) lower growth parameters compared with the other treatments. Thus, the grass carp larvae performed best when fed with A. parthenogenetica nauplii and the probiotic bacteria.https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_23842_b4a81ae6e5813d4153d888f1b4e538a1.pdfUniversity of TehranIranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88945320110901The effects of organic selenium (Sel-Plex) on the viability of pneumonic Holstein suckling calvesاثر سلنیم آلی (Sel-Plex) بر قابلیت زندهمانی گوسالههای شیرخوار هلشتاین ایرانی مبتلا به پنومونی1631682384310.22059/ijvm.2011.23843ENMarziehEbrahimiDepartment of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture Science and Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.ArminTowhidiDepartment of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture Science and Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.MahdiGanjkhanlouDepartment of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture Science and Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.ManochehrAminiDepartment of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture Science and Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.Journal Article19700101The objective of this study was to determine the effects of supplemented selenium (Se) on plasma cortisol, red blood cell glutathione peroxidase activity (RBC GSH-PX-1), concentration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and body weight in pneumonic suckling calves. Ten Holstein suckling male calves were randomly allocated to two groups and fed either unsupplemented milk (control) or with milk supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg DM Se (Sel-Plex) for two months. Sel-Plex had no significant effect on cortisol plasma concentration. A significant increase in red blood cell GSH-PX-1, body weight and serum concentration of IgG was observed in the treated group, along with a non-significant increase in body weight. The results indicate that Sel-Plex supplementation of suckling calves with a marginal selenium status increases GSH-PX-1, serum concentration of IgG and body weight of calves.<br />The objective of this study was to determine the effects of supplemented selenium (Se) on plasma cortisol, red blood cell glutathione peroxidase activity (RBC GSH-PX-1), concentration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and body weight in pneumonic suckling calves. Ten Holstein suckling male calves were randomly allocated to two groups and fed either unsupplemented milk (control) or with milk supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg DM Se (Sel-Plex) for two months. Sel-Plex had no significant effect on cortisol plasma concentration. A significant increase in red blood cell GSH-PX-1, body weight and serum concentration of IgG was observed in the treated group, along with a non-significant increase in body weight. The results indicate that Sel-Plex supplementation of suckling calves with a marginal selenium status increases GSH-PX-1, serum concentration of IgG and body weight of calves.https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_23843_496f2a1b35f89618025ea2a62e4e10b4.pdfUniversity of TehranIranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88945320110901Influence of parenteral administration of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) extract on colostral IgG absorption in neonatal calvesتاثیر تجویز تزریقی عصاره بابونه (Matricaria recutita L.) بر میزان جذب ایمونوگلوبولین G آغوز در گوساله های نوزاد1691712384410.22059/ijvm.2011.23844ENMohammad RezaMokhber Dezfouliگروه علوم درمانگاهی دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانHamid RezaMohammadiگروه علوم درمانگاهی دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانMohammad GholiNadalianگروه علوم درمانگاهی دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانZahraNazem Bokaeeگروه زیست شناسی دانشکده علوم پایه دانشگاه الزهرا (س)AbbasHadjiakhoondiگروه فارماکوگنوزی دانشکده داروسازی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهرانGholam RezaNikbakht Borujeniگروه پاتوبیولوژی دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانParvizTajikگروه علوم درمانگاهی دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانRezaJamshidiگروه دامپزشکی دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه سمنانJournal Article19700101In this study, the effect of chamomile extract on the ability of neonatal calves to absorb immunoglobulin G (IgG) was evaluated. An ethanolic extract of chamomile was obtained with the concentration of 111 mg/ml. Calves were randomly divided into four groups, each receiving one of four chamomile treatments; 1: low dose (LC; 5.5 mg/kg body weight; 2: moderate dose (MC; 11 mg/kg); 3: high dose (HC; 22 mg/kg); 4: a control (CO; normal saline). Chamomile extract was injected intravenously into the jugular vein 1 h after birth and before colostrum intake. There was no significant difference in concentration of serum IgG between LC and CO calves (P = 0.792). MC calves had a significantly higher serum IgG concentration at 48 h compared with LC and CO calves (P = 0.002, P = 0.003, respectively). There was no statistical difference between MC and HC calves at 48 h (P = 0.264). These results show that chamomile extract could promote colostral IgG absorption in neonatal calves if a suitable dose is given immediately after birth.https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_23844_0dce9a4c1ae247db0d885b4950b0e0f6.pdfUniversity of TehranIranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88945320110901Histomorphometrical evaluation of the gastrointestinal mucosa following chronic administration of Ghrelin in ratبررسی هیستومورفومتریک مخاط دستگاه گوارش به دنبال تجویز مزمن گرلین در موش رات1731772384510.22059/ijvm.2011.23845ENمرتضیزنده دلگروه زیست شناسی جانوری، دانشکده علوم طبیعی دانشگاه تبریز، تبریزMajidTaatiگروه پاتوبیولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آبادArashKheradmandگروه پاتوبیولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آبادFarzamSheikhzadehگروه زیست شناسی جانوری، دانشکده علوم طبیعی دانشگاه تبریز، تبریزMortezaZendehdelگروه علوم پایه، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانJournal Article19700101Ghrelin, a peptide hormone, has several functions, of which the best known is its growth hormone (GH)-releasing effect in the pituitary. It also increases appetite and feeding behavior. Recent studies have implicated ghrelin in the regulation of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and immune function, and suggest a role for ghrelin in bone physiology. In this study, the effect of chronically administered ghrelin on the histomorphometrical properties of stomach and different parts of intestinal mucosa were evaluated in a rat model. Significant differences between control and ghrelin-treated groups were observed in gastrointestinal mucosa, stomach gland length, and duodenal mucosal thickness, villus length and crypt depth (P<0.05). Chronic administration of ghrelin could therefore exert a gastrointestinal protective effect, as it promotes mucosal growth in the proximal gut and enhances gastric glands in oxyntic mucosa.
Significant differences between control and ghrelin-treated groups were observed in gastrointestinal mucosa, stomach gland length, and duodenal mucosal thickness, villus length and crypt depth (P<0.05). Chronic administration of ghrelin could therefore exert a gastrointestinal protective effect, as it promotes mucosal growth in the proximal gut and enhances gastric glands in oxyntic mucosa.https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_23845_b91a2b5454e72f11981a298b5148325f.pdfUniversity of TehranIranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88945320110901The effects of Ziziphus jujuba fruit extract on catalase activity and lipid peroxidation in the heart and erythrocytes of rats following chronic ethanol consumptionتاثیر عصاره میوه عناب (زیزیفوس جوجوبا) بر فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز و پراکسیداسیون چربی در قلب و گلبول های قرمز موش بزرگ آزمایشگاهی بدنبال مصرف طولانی مدت اتانول1791832384610.22059/ijvm.2011.23846ENمجیدطاعتیبخش فیزیولوژی، دانشکده بیولوژی، دانشگاه آزاد جهرمHabibollahJohariبخش فیزیولوژی، دانشکده بیولوژی، دانشگاه آزاد دارابMajidTaatiبخش فیزیولوژی و کلینیکال پاتولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه لرستانPeymanAsadianبخش فیزیولوژی و کلینیکال پاتولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه لرستانMasoudAlirezaeiبخش بیوشیمی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه لرستانFarzamSheikhzadehبخش فیزیولوژی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه تبریزJournal Article19700101Chronic ethanol consumption leads to oxidative stress in the heart and erythrocytes of rats. As Ziziphus jujuba fruit has been shown to have potent antioxidants, such as flavonoids, we conducted this study to evaluate the effects of aqueous fruit extracts from Z. jujuba on rat hearts and erythrocytes following chronic ethanol consumption. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following groups: control, Z. jujuba fruit extract treated (200 mg/kg, p.o.), ethanol (4 g/kg, p.o.) and Z. jujuba plus ethanol. The animals were treated orally for consecutive 8 weeks. At the end of experiment, catalase (CAT) activity and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentration (an indicator of lipid peroxidation) were measured in the heart and erythrocytes of rats. The results showed that the concentration of TBARS was significantly lower, and CAT activity higher in erythrocyte homogenates of ethanol-treated rats that were pretreated with fruit extract, compared with rats treated with ethanol alone. However, the fruit extract had no effect on TBARS concentration or CAT activity in rat heart tissue. This finding indicates that the antioxidant properties of Z. jujuba fruit extract protect erythrocytes against ethanol-induced oxidative stress, but are not sufficient to protect the heart.https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_23846_416da2b4d2c0d9fc3a7f14b56ae9ee75.pdfUniversity of TehranIranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine2251-88945320110901Therapeutic analysis of organic acids on experimental dermatophytosis in guinea pigsتاثیر درمانی اسیدهای آلی بر درماتوفیتوزیس تجربی در خوکچههای هندی1851882384710.22059/ijvm.2011.23847ENHojatollahShokriدانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه مازندرانFarzadAsadiبخش بیوشیمی٬ دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهرانJournal Article19700101The purpose of this study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of citric and tartaric acids on experimental dermatophytosis in guinea pigs. In this study, the susceptibility of Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes to citric and tartaric acids was assessed using the macrodilution broth method. In the animal experiments, a cream consisting of the mixed acids was topically applied once per day for ten consecutive days, beginning five days following infection. Animals in a positive control group were treated with 1% clotrimazole cream. The results of this study showed that application of the mixed acid cream led to a significant improvement in guinea pigs suffering from dermatophytosis (P < 0.05). A similar improvement in local symptoms was achieved in the animals treated with 1% clotrimazole cream. These results indicate that organic acids such as citric and tartaric acids can potentially act as topical antifungal agents and may represent a valuable new approach in dermatophytosis.https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_23847_3e04666d5a8d622e9b7fdcf99da960ef.pdf