University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2251-8894 12 1 2018 01 01 Detection of a new canine parvovirus mutant in Iran تشخیص یک موتانت جدید پاروو ویروس سگ در ایران 1 7 64819 10.22059/ijvm.2018.231479.1004805 EN Gholamraza Nikbakhat Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Shahram Shahram 2Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Shahaboldin Mohyedidini Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2017 04 18 BACKGROUND: Canine Parvovirus (CPV) is one of the major causes of fatal gastroenteritis in young dogs. After emergence of CPV-2, two new variants were reported and named CPV-2a and CPV-2b. In 2001 the newest variant was reported and named CPV-2c. The difference between CPV strains is related to amino acid changes in viral capsid protein (VP2). OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was genetic characterization of common CPV-2 strains which are prevalent in Iran. METHODS: Total of 50 fecal samples were examined by specific PCR primers for VP2 gene which codes virus capsid protein. PCR products were bidirectionally sequenced. RESULTS: Sequence analysis results showed that based on the nucleotides encoding for residue 426 (nt 4062 to 4064) all previously assumed CPV-2b samples were true CPV-2b, except for strain Ir28 which showed substitution of Asp (GAT) with Gly (GGT). The sequence alignment also showed that strains Ir3 and Ir19 are similar to the reference strain M74849.1 (CPV-2b) but other strains differed by exhibiting further synonymous substitutions. CONCLUSIONS: A novel mutation in CPV-2 gene of Ir28 strain may lead to emergence of a new variant. This finding also emphasizes the previous study results which indicate the high evolution rate of CPV.

https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_64819_0c92eeac6580cf1a3dd92569c48feffc.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2251-8894 12 1 2018 01 01 Genotyping of Infectious bronchitis viruses isolated from broiler chicken farms in Iran during 2015-2016 ژنوتایپینگ ویروس های برونشیت عفونی جدا شده از جوجه های گوشتی مزارع ایران طی سال 94-95 9 17 65130 10.22059/ijvm.2017.228730.1004797 EN Fatemeh Gholami Department of Avian Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Vahid Karimi Department of Avian Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 0009-0000-8895-2900 Arash Ghalyanchi Langeroudi Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Masood Hashemzadeh Department of Research and Production of Poultry Viral Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran Mahdi Vasfi Marandi Department of Avian Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2017 06 08 BACKGROUND: Avian infectious bronchitis is considered as an important viral disease worldwide. Genotyping based on the S1 subunit of spike protein gene of the causative agent, avian infectious bronchitis virus, can be used to classify IBV isolates. Objective: This survey was carried out to characterize the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) genotypes circulating in Iran and determine their prevalence rate. METHODS: In this survey, 100 samples of trachea were collected from broiler chickens suspected to IBV during 2015 to 2016. Nested polymerase chain reaction (Nested PCR) followed by S1 gene sequencing was applied to genotype the detected isolates. RESULTS: In this survey, forty five isolates were detected and classified in four distinct genotypes, variant 2 [IS/1494/06], 4/91, QX and Massachusetts, based on phylogenetic analysis. The prevalence rates of the variant 2 [IS/1494/06], 4/91, QX and Massachusetts were 66.67%, 24.45%, 4.44% and 4.44%, respectively. CONCLUSION: This survey demonstrates the epidemiology of IBV genotypes in Iran and provides an insight into the evolution of these strains. Moreover, it is clarified that IBV genotypes prevalence are constantly changing in a region.

https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_65130_17283e8952793176aa58ebcda511e847.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2251-8894 12 1 2018 01 01 Frequently observed parasites in pet reptiles’ feces in Tehran بررسی آلودگی های انگلی مدفوعی در خزندگان در اسارت شهر تهران 19 25 64704 10.22059/ijvm.2018.233466.1004812 EN Fatemeh Arabkhazaeli Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran,Iran Amir Rostami Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran,Iran Alireza Gilvari Graduated from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran,Iran Sedigheh Nabian Department of Animal and Poultry Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran,Tehran, Iran Seyed Ahmad Madani Department of Animal and Poultry Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2017 05 23 Backgrounds Many wild-caught reptiles harbor some kind of parasites. Captivity with negative effect of poor sanitary and husbandry management may lead to clinical disease. The increasing trend in keeping non-native reptile species in the last decade emerged a need for the specification of reptile parasites and their hosts. Objectives The study aims to gain data on intestinal parasites of reptiles kept as pets or in small private collections in close contact with people. Methods A combination of native and iodine stained direct smears along with flotation concentration were used to investigate parasites in pet reptiles’ feces. All samples were investigated macroscopically and a smear was prepared and stained by modified Ziehl Neelsen for detection of Cryptosporidium. Results Stool samples from 100 pet or small zoological reptile collections (Lacertilia=36, Serpentes=20, Chelonii=11, Corocodilia=1) were collected. The total occurrence of parasite was 52%. 64.8% of the examined Lacertilia, 35.3% of Serpentes, 45.5% of Chelonii were infected. Eimeria, Isospora, Cryptosporidium, Trichomonas, Balantidium, Strongylid and Oxyurid eggs and amoeba were identified. Cryptosporidium was detected in Lacertilita, Serpentes and Chelonii. In the only sample from a Nile crocodile no parasites were detected. Eimeria was detected in Bearded dragon, Indian python, Albino python and king cobra and Isospora was identified in Bearded dragon and the alien Cheloniid species Red-eared slider. Amoeba was identified in Iguana iguana and Horsfield tortoise. Conclusions Trichomonads, Balantidium, Cryptosporidium, Isospora, Eimeria, amoebae and nematode eggs were identified in the investigated samples. Cryptosporidium were detected by specific stains in 14 samples. Sauria was the most infected suborder (64.8%) while 32.4% of snakes and 45.5% of chelonians were infected. Parasites are common in pet reptiles but the parasite species, the degree of infestation and hygienic management will determine the ultimate clinical outcome of the existing parasite infections. Hence examination for endoparasites should be recommended for checking the health status of all captive or newly entering reptiles.

https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_64704_235c82e3ac0440db48c672c573c74ae1.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2251-8894 12 1 2018 01 01 The prevalence and intensity rate of Dicrocoelium dendriticum infection in ruminants of 3 provinces in coastal regions of the Caspian Sea میزان شیوع و شدت آلودگی نشخوارکنندگان به دیکروسلیوم دندریتیکم در سه استان ساحلی دریای خزری 27 33 65153 10.22059/ijvm.2017.236806.1004822 EN Morteza Majidi-Rad 1PhD Student of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran-Iran, Behnam Meshgi Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran-Iran Saied Bokaie Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2017 07 04 Background: Dicrocoeliasis is caused by digenean trematode of Dicrocoelium dendriticum, small liver fluke, a hepatic parasitic disease in ruminants and human, throughout the world. D. dendriticum infection has been considered to be correlated with the economic and veterinary aspects. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and intensity of infection with D. dendriticum in sheep and cattle in Guilan, Mazandaran and Golestan provinces from Caspian Sea Littoral, Northern part of Iran. Methods: For this purpose, 4 cities in every province, 4 villages in each city, and 4 districts in each village were chosen for sampling. Totally, 1344 faecal samples of sheep and cattle were examined. It should be taken in to consideration that the number of eggs per gram of feces (E.P.G) was determined by flotation technique. Results: The results suggested that sheep was infected 4-5 times more than cattle in all three provinces. The average of prevalence of D. dendriticum infection in sheep and cattle were 38.43% and 9.37%, respectively in Guilan province. The average of prevalence in Mazandaran province was determined to be 21.35% and 4.16% in sheep and cattle, respectively. It is worth noting that the highest infection rates were occurred in Chalus and Noor from Mazandaran province. The average of D. dendriticum infection was determined to be 6.87% in sheep and 1.87% in cattle from Golestan province. Conclusions: Our results indicated that not only the prevalence but also the intensity of infection were higher in sheep compared to cattle Furthermore, the rate of infection was about two fold higher in both hosts from Guilan province. Therefore, according to the higher prevalence of infection in two provinces of Guilan and Mazandaran and the importance of sheep in distribution of infection, sever control program are required by providing comprehensive plans.

https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_65153_30f8a3f5b060fa062ec6d732e78b2547.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2251-8894 12 1 2018 01 01 Identification of Gyrodactylus (Monogenea, Gyrodactylidae) species in some of Southwest of Caspian Sea Basin fishes فون انگل ژیروداکتیلوس (مونوژنه‌آ، ژیروداکتیلیده) ماهیان ایران در بخش جنوب شرقی حوضه آبریز دریای خزر 35 44 65212 10.22059/ijvm.2017.237792.1004824 EN Maryam Barzegar Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran . Hosseinali Ebrahimzadeh Mousavi Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran. Iran Hooman Rahmati-holasoo 3- Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran. Iran. Ali Taheri Mirghaed4 Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran Abbas Bozorgnia Faculty of Natural Resources sciences, Ghaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University Journal Article 2017 07 19 BACKGROUND: Members of the genus Gyrodactylus species are one of the extensive groups of monogenean ectoparasites which parasitize marine, brackish and freshwater fishes. OBJECTIVES: The main objective of the present study is the identification and diagnosis of the Gyrodactylus specsies on the fishes in certain rivers in the southwest of the Caspian Sea basin. METHODS: The field investigations were carried out from March 2015 to June 2016 and approximately, 1240 fish specimens belonging to two families, nine genera and nine species from Babolrud, Tajan, Shirud, Tonekabon, Nekarud, Siahrud, Telar and Haraz rivers were examined. RESULTS: At least eleven Gyrodactylus species were isolated from skin and gills of the examined fishes. Among them, Gyrodactylus mutabilitas, G. sprostonae and G. prostae have been previously reported to be found in Iran. The rest, including Gyrodactylus ctenopharyngodonis, G. gobioninum, G. katharineri, G. nemachili, G. proterorhini, G. ophiocephali, G. varicorhini and G. vimbi are reported for the first time from Iranian Fishes. A tissue-specific microenvironment is seen in infection with Grodactylus proterorhini which was isolated from the gills, but mostly from the surface of the skin of Neogobius pallasi which is mainly specific to the brackish water of estuaries and coastal area. CONCLUSIONS: The host spectrum of Gyrodactylus species in Iran is actually wider and the further research may demonstrate that classification of individual species in terms of their host specificity will have to be changed and additional species of Gyrodactylus species would be found.

https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_65212_8a94d0dcdc89945fa460869707c9fc68.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2251-8894 12 1 2018 01 01 Expression of leptin and leptin receptor transcript in ovine corpus luteum بیان رونوشت لپتین و گیرنده آن در جسم زرد گوسفند 45 52 65012 10.22059/ijvm.2017.239370.1004833 EN Mozaffar Karimzadeh Koshkghazi 1Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Abbas Parham 1Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran 2Embryonic and Stem Cell Biology and Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Journal Article 2017 08 09 Background: Leptin, the product of the obesity (ob) gene, acts as a signaling adipokine for modulating food intake, energy metabolism and reproductive functions in mammals. Leptin’s effects on the reproductive system at various levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis have been established. Moreover, the direct and local effect of leptin on bovine oocyte maturation and corpus luteum function has been determined. Objectives: Due to species differences, this study was designed to investigate expression of leptin mRNA as well as its long isoform receptor (Ob-Rb) mRNA in sheep corpus luteum. Methods: Ovaries of sheep containing mature corpus luteum were collected in the reproductive season from abattoirs. Total RNA of corpus luteum was extracted, cDNA synthesis was carried out subsequently and PCR reaction was performed using primers which were designed specifically for each gene. Beta-actin was used as housekeeping gene to verify reactions, and adipose tissue was selected as positive sample for expression of leptin and leptin receptor. Results: Gel electrophoresis of PCR products showed the amplification of 162 and 121-bp amplicons in all samples for leptin and leptin receptor respectively. Moreover, sequencing the amplified fragments and blasting them confirmed the accuracy of results. Conclusion: Our findings confirm the expression of leptin and its functional receptor transcripts in ovine corpus luteum. More studies for determining leptin effects on corpus luteum are guaranteed.

https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_65012_2b95ec5f3fee5e838f91c35e58d3619b.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2251-8894 12 1 2018 01 01 Effects of Pre-Pubertal Nutrition Plan on Blood Metabolites and Some Physiological Responses in Kurdish Female Lambs at Weaning and Breeding اثر برنامه تغذیه قبل از بلوغ بر متابولیتهای خونی و برخی از پاسخ های فیزیولوژیکی بره های ماده کردی در زمان شیرگیری و جفتگیری 53 61 65152 10.22059/ijvm.2018.228818.1004798 EN Sedigheh Menatian department of Agriculture, faculty of animal science, University of Ilam, Iran, Ilam Mostafa Nemati department of Veterinary, Faculty of microbiology, university of Ilam, Ilam, Iran Mehdi Rashnavadi Department of veterinary, Ilam university, Ilam, Iran Journal Article 2016 09 24 BACKGROUND: Pre-pubertal nutrition managements are considered essential for animal health, optimizing production and reproductive performance in livestock. OBJECTIVES: In this study, the effects of dietary low and high energy and protein provisions on body growth, blood metabolites and inherent safety index were investigated in pre-pubertal Kurdish female lambs. METHODS: We fed 40 healthy Kurdish female lambs (30±8.6 days old and weighing 10.2±3.4 kg) were randomly divided into one of two experimental diets in pre-weaning period: high energy and protein (HEP, 2.50 Mcal ME/kg dry matter (DM) and 148 g CP/kg DM) or low energy and protein (LEP, 2.02 Mcal ME/kg DM and 87 g CP/kg DM). At the time of weaning, one half of lambs from each group was randomly separated and assigned to HEP or LEP. So there were four treatment groups in post-weaning period: H-H (HEP pre- and post-weaning); H-L (HEP pre-weaning and LEP post-weaning); L-H (LEP pre-weaning and HEP post-weaning) and L-L (LEP pre and post-weaning, control group). Treatment effects on dry matter intake, milk intake, serum metabolite proﬁles, inherent safety index and growth were examined. RESULTS: Pre-pubertal plane were significantly affected above mention parameters at post- weaning period (P<0.05). In the post-weaning period, dietary treatment did significantly decrease affect all blood metabolites concentration (P<0.05) expect calcium levels. The numbers of white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocytes and monocytes of H-L treatment were higher than other groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It has been observed that diet energy and protein and body energy reserves are much important regulators of growth and health indicators in Kurdish female lambs.

https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_65152_c55e4b21e96c9dbf8a1be98056fe5ee5.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2251-8894 12 1 2018 01 01 Radiographic comparison of the repaired bone in maxillary alveolar cleft of dog by tissue engineering and autogenous bone grafting techniques مقایسه رادیوگرافیک استخوان ترمیم شده شکاف آلوئولارماگزیلاری سگ توسط روش های مهندسی بافت و پیوند استخوان اتوژن 63 67 64712 10.22059/ijvm.2017.232952.1004809 EN Mahnaz Sheikhi Torabinejad Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran Mitra Karbasi Kheir Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University Isfahan ( khorasgan branch), Isfahan, Iran Ali Dakhilalian Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2017 07 25 BACKGROUND: Dental disease, trauma and maxillofacial surgeries can cause alveolar bone defects. Among different kinds of treatment, autogenous bone grafts is accepted as a golden standard. On the other hand, because of limitation of treatment with autogenous bone grafts, osteogenic cells derived from stem cells are suggested. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the mean density of the repaired bone in maxillary alveolar cleft of dog by tissue engineering and autogenous bone grafting techniques using digital radiography. METHODS: two, 15*15mm, defects were made in the maxillary alveoli of 4 dogs. A stent was placed in the defect to prevent the effects of soft tissue. After 60 days, the defects were filled with tibial auto graft in one side and mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from the neck adipose tissue in the other side. The density of the regenerated bone was evaluated 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days after graft implantation by direct digital radiography, Digora windows software (70 KVP, 10 mA and 0.40 seconds). RESULTS: The findings of one-way ANOVA test showed no significant difference between tissue engineering and autogenous bone grafting methods (P-value = 0.94). Visually, the repaired bone pattern was homogenized in autogenous bone graft method but it was cotton-wool in tissue engineering bone graft method. CONCLUSIONS: digital radiography soft ware provides the possibility of quantification of bone repair by densitometry. When autogenous bone graft is not available, tissue engineering bone graft can be considered an acceptable alternative to repair the bone defects.

https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_64712_90cf408c2a0f291cd388e63f0d888502.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2251-8894 12 1 2018 01 01 Effect of chitosan and Trachyspermum ammi essential oil on microbial growth, proteolytic spoilage, lipid oxidation and sensory attributes of chicken fillet during refrigerated storage مطالعه اثر پوششی کیتوزان حاوی اسانس زنیان بر میزان رشد میکروبی، فساد پروتئولیتیک، اکسیداسیون چربیها و تغییرات حسی فیله های مرغ در طی نگهداری در شرایط یخچالی. 69 78 65011 10.22059/ijvm.2017.238184.1004825 EN Ashkan Jebelli Javan Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran Masoumeh Moslemi Food and Drug Laboratories Research Center, Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Shaghayegh Salimirad (PhD) student of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North branch, Tehran, Iran Soheil Soleymanpour (MSc) in Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch, Damghan, Iran Journal Article 2017 07 31 BACKGROUND: Chicken meat is susceptible to microbial and chemical contamination and using antimicrobial agents helps to prolong its shelf-life. OBJECTIVES: This study focuses on the effect of chitosan-based coating and Trachyspermum ammi essential oil on qualitative properties of refrigerated chicken fillet meat. MATERIAL and METHODS: chicken fillets treated with chitosan solution (2 %wv-1) and Trachyspermum ammi essential oil (0, 1000, and 2000 ppm) were stored at 4C for 12 days. Microbial (lactic acid bacteria, coliform, and total mesophilic bacteria), chemical (peroxide value and total volatile nitrogen), and sensory (odour, texture, colour, and overall acceptance) analysis were done every 3 days until the end of storage. Results: Total count, lactic acid bacteria, coliform and total mesophilic bacteria showed significant decrease in treatments compared to control. In chemical experiments, chitosan- Trachyspermum ammi essential oil treated fillets had lower peroxide and total volatile nitrogen during storage. Sensory analysis revealed that treatment containing 1000 ppm Trachyspermum ammi essential oil had higher overall acceptance than control and 2000 ppm treated group. Conclusion: Combination of chitosan and Trachyspermum ammi essential oil prolonged shelf-life of fillets. By considering sensory results and cost of analysis, chitosan containing 1000 ppm Trachyspermum ammi essential oil is recommended for industries.

https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_65011_834db0ab74190d4b648ab3af07ea1733.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2251-8894 12 1 2018 01 01 Observation of squamous cell carcinoma in a goat flock in Iran مشاهده کارسینوم سلول‌های سنگفرشی در یک گله بز در ایران 79 84 64496 10.22059/ijvm.2017.243100.1004847 EN ‌Arash Omidi Department of Animal Health Management, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz Fatemeh Namazi Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Hamidreza Pourmirzaei Veterinary Master Bureau of Yazd province, Yazd, Iran Mahdi Mohebbi-Fani Department of Animal Health Management, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Journal Article 2017 09 10 Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a tumor consisting of squamous epithelial cells. This tumor is relatively uncommon in goats. In this report, we discuss clinical, gross and histopathological features of SCC in six goats. The goats were referred to the veterinary clinic with a progressive ulcerative and hemorrhagic mass located in the perineal area. The vital signs (temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate) were normal. Biopsy specimens were taken and histopathological examinations were done. The tumor cells were large and had an abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, ovoid nuclei with a prominent nucleolus. Keratin tonofibers and keratin pearls were also seen. The mitotic figures were moderate. The mass was found to be a moderately differentiated SCC. Ulceration with infiltration of neutrophils was observed on the surface of the tumors. The SCC tumors are uncommon in goats and have multi-factorial etiology. Age, ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, lack of epidermis pigmentation, and viruses may be involved in the presence of SCC.

https://ijvm.ut.ac.ir/article_64496_a38fc0d94e76fadfbeeae958b246b04f.pdf