Effect of dietary available phosphorus and phytase on production performance of old laying hens and tibia bone quality

Document Type : Nutrition - Hygiene

Authors

Department of Animal and Poultry Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background: Old laying hens are more prone to dietary calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) deficiencies as  they absorb Ca and P less efficiently than younger hens. OBJECTIVES: In a 2×2 factorial design, the influence of diets with two levels of available phosphorus (AP) and phytase enzyme on the laying performance, egg quality and tibia bone characteristics of laying hens at their late 2nd production phase was studied. METHODS: The experiment used four treatments of 20 Hy-Line W36 hens of 140 weeks old. Treatments 1 and 2 received a 3.5 g kg-1 AP diet while Treatments 3 and 4 received a 2.5 g kg-1 AP diet for 12 weeks. Treatments 2 and 4 received 250 FTU kg-1 phytase in their diet. Laying performance, egg weight, shell weight and shell thickness were measured. On the last day of the experiment, all birds were weighed and blood samples were collected for serum Ca and P measurements. Ten birds from each treatment were sacrificed and both tibiae were excised, defatted, weighed and ashed for Ca and P contents, cortical thickness and bone breaking strength measurements. RESULTS: Hens fed with 2.5 g kg-1 AP diet without enzyme had the lowest body weight gain, serum P, tibia cortical thickness and tibia breaking strength among the treatments (p<0.05). Phytase enhanced body weight gain, egg shell thickness, serum P, tibia weight/body weight and tibia ash/body weight ratios, tibia cortical thickness and breaking strength, particularly in  birds receiving 2.5 g kg-1 AP diet (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Phytase may improve bone quality and strength of hens  in the late 2nd laying period.
 
 

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

گروه بهداشت و تغذیه دام طیور، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

Authors [Persian]

  • بهزاد منصوری
  • مهرداد مدیر صانعی
گروه بهداشت و تغذیه دام طیور، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

زمینه مطالعه:  مرغان تخم‌گذار مسن نسبت به کمبود کلسیم و فسفر به‌علت کاهش قدرت جذبی روده و کاهش سرعت جذب کلسیم و فسفر نسبت به مرغان جوان حساس‌ترند. هدف: در طرح فاکتوریل 2×2، تأثیر جیره‌های با دو سطح فسفر در دسترس و به همراه آنزیم فیتاز بر عملکرد تخمگذاری، کیفیت تخم‌مرغ و خصوصیات درشت‌نی مرغان تخم‌گذار در اواخر دوره دوم تخمگذاری مطالعه شد. روش‌کار: این آزمایش دارای چهار تیمار بیست مرغ تخم‌گذار نژاد W36 Hy-Line با سن 140 هفته بود. تیمارهای 1 و 2 جیره حاوی g/kg 5/3 فسفر در دسترس و تیمارهای 3 و 4 جیره حاوی g/kg 5/2 فسفر در دسترس بود. تیمارهای 2 و 4 به همراه جیره خود آنزیم فیتاز به مقدار 250 واحد آنزیمی به ازای هر کیلوگرم خوراک دریافت کردند. عملکرد تخم‌گذاری، وزن تخم‌مرغ، وزن  و ضخامت پوسته اندازه‌گیری‌شده در آخرین روز آزمایش تمام پرندگان وزن شد. نمونه خون از ورید بالی جهت تعیین مقدار کلسیم و فسفر سرم تهیه شد. سپس، از هر تیمار ده پرنده کشته و استخوان درشت‌نی هر دو پا جدا، چربی‌گیری و وزن شد. به‌منظور اندازه‌گیری میزان خاکستر، کلسیم و فسفر، ضخامت کورتکس و میزان استحکام استخوان استفاده شد. نتایج: مرغانی که جیره حاوی g/kg 5/2 فسفر در دسترس دریافت کردند وزن‌گیری کمتر، فسفر سرمی پایین‌تر، ضخامت کورتکس درشت‌نی کمتر و استحکام کمتری در برابر شکست استخوان داشتند. در عین حال تخم‌مرغ شکسته بیشتری تولید کردند. فیتاز باعث بهبود وزن‌گیری، ضخامت پوسته تخم‌مرغ، افزایش فسفر سرم، وزن نسبی درشت‌نی و خاکستر درشت‌نی به وزن بدن، ضخامت کورتکس و استحکام استخوان در برابر شکست به‌خصوص در مرغانی که دارای جیره g/kg 5/2 فسفر در دسترس شد. نتیجه‌گیری‌‌نهایی: آنزیم فیتاز باعث ارتقای کیفیت و استحکام استخوان در مرغان تخم‌گذار در اواخر دوره دوم تولید شد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • فسفر در دسترس
  • کیفیت استخوان
  • مرغ تخمگذار
  • فیتاز

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