Abdel-Fattah, S.A., El-Sanhoury, MH., El-Mednay, N.M., Abdel-Azeem, F. (2008) Thyroid activity, some blood constituents, organs morphology and performance of broiler chicks fed supplemental organic acids. Int J Poult Sci. 7: 215-222.##
Al-Garib, S.O., Gruys, E., Gielkens, A.L., Koch, G. (2003) Detection of antibody-forming cells directed against Newcastle disease virus and their immunoglobulin class by double immunoenzymehisto chemistry. Avian Dis. 47: 453-457.##
Ao, Z., Choct, M. (2013) Oligosaccharides affect performance and gut development of broiler chickens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 26: 116-121.##
Barrett, B. (2003) Medicinal properties of Echinacea: a critical review. Phytomedicine 10: 66-86.##
Bauer, R. (2002) NeueErkenntnissezurWirkung und Wirksamkeit von Echinacea purpurea-Preßsaftzubereitungen. Wien Med Wochenschr. 15: 407-411.##
Bohmer, M.B., Salisch, H., Paulicks, B.R., Roth, F.X. (2008) Echinacea purpurea as a potential immunostimulatory feed additive in laying hens and fattening pigs by intermittent application. Livest Sci. 122: 81-85.##
Brisbin, J.T, Gong, J., Orouji, S., Esufali, J., Mallick, A., Parvizi, P., Patricia, E. (2011) Oral treatment of chickens with lactobacilli Influences elicitation of immune responses, Clin Vaccine Immunol. 18: 1447-1455.##
Corthesy, B., Kraehenbuhl, J.P. (1999) Antibody-mediated protection of mucosal surfaces. Curr Trop Microbiol. 236: 93-111.##
Cruz, I., Cheetham, J.J., Arnason, J.T., Yack, J.E., Smith, M.L. (2014) Alkamides from Echinacea disrupt the fungal cell wall-membrane complex. Phytomedicine. 21: 435-442.##
Cundell, D.R., Matrone, M.A., Rarjaczak, P., Pierce, J.D. (2003) The effect of aerial parts of Echinacea on the circulating white cell levels and selected immune function of the aging male Spague-Dawley rat. Int Immunopharmacol. 3: 1041-1048.##
Davison, F., Kaspers, B., Schat, K.A. (2008) Avian immunology. Elsevier Ltd. London, UK.##
De Geus, E.D., Jansen, C.A., Vervelde, L. (2012) Uptake of particulate antigens in a nonmammalian lung: phenotypic and functional characterization of avian respiratory phagocytes using bacterial or viral antigens. J Immunol. 188: 4516-26.##
Fonseca, N.F, Papanicolaou, G., Lin, H., Lau, C.B.S., Kennelly, E.J., Cassileth, B.R., Cunningham-Rundles, S. (2015) Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench modulates human T-cell cytokine response. Int Immunopharmacol. 19: 94-102.##
Ganapathy, K., Cargill, P., Montiel, E., Jones, R.C. (2005) Interaction between live avian pneumovirus and Newcastle disease virusvaccines in specific pathogen free chickens. Avian Pathol. 34: 297-302.##
Getachew, T. (2016) A Review on Effects of Probiotic Supplementation in Poultry Performance and Cholesterol Levels of Egg and Meat J World Poult Res. 6: 31-36.##
Ghahri, H., Toloei, T., Habibi, M. (2010) Efficacy of esterified glucomannan, sodium bentonite and humic acid to counteract experimental aflatoxicosis on antibody titers against Newcastle disease in broilers. Afr J Biotechnol. 9: 4127-4131.##
Guimarães, J.B., Dos Santos, É.C., Souza Dias, E., Bertechini, A.G., Da Silva Ávila, C.L., Silva Dias, F. (2014) Performance and meat quality of broiler chickens that are fed diets supplemented with Agaricus brasiliensis mushrooms. Trop Anim Health Prod. 46: 1509-1514.##
Habibian Dehkordi, S., Fallah, V., Habibian Dehkordi, S.H. (2011) Enhancement of broiler performance and immune response by Echinacea purpurea supplemented in diet. Afr J Biotechnol. 10: 11280-11286.##
Jayawardane, G.W., Spradbrow, P.B. (1995) Mucosal immunity in chickens vaccinated with the V4 strain of Newcastle disease virus. Vet Microbiol. 46: 69-77.##
Jurcic, K., Melchart, D., Holzmann, M., Martin, P.L., Bauer, R., Doenecke, A., Wagner, H. (1989) Zwei Probandenstudienzur Stimulierung der Granulozyten phagozytose durch Echinacea-Extrakt-haltige Präparate. Z. Phytother. 10: 67-70.##
Kapczynski, D.R., Afonso, C.L., Miller, P.J. (2013) Immune responses of poultry to Newcastle disease virus. Dev Comp Immunol. 41: 447-453.##
Kuhn, G., Ender, K., Thomann, R., Tuchscherer, M., Tuchscherer, A., Stabenow, B., Krüger, M., Schrödl, W. (2005) Einsatz von Echinacea-Extraktbeitragenden und säugendenSauen. Arch Tierz Dummerstorf. 48: 270-282.##
Lee, T.T., Chen, C.L., Shieh Z.H., Lin, J.C., Yu, B. (2009) Study on antioxidant activity of Echinacea purpurea L. extracts and its impact on cell viability. Afr J Biotechnol. 8: 5097-5105.##
Lee, T.T., Chen, C.L., Wang, C.C., Yu, B. (2012) Growth performance and antioxidant capacity of broilers supplemented with Echinacea purpurea L. in the diet. Appl Poult Res. 21: 484-491.##
Manayi, A., Vazirian, M., Saeidnia, S. (2015) Echinacea purpurea: Pharmacology, phytochemistry and analysis methods. Pharmacogn Rev. 9: 63-72.##
Mehdizadeh Taklimi, S.M.S., Lotfollahian, H., Zarea Shahne, A., Mirzaei, F., Alinejad, A. (2012) Study on efficacy of probiotic in broiler chickens diet. Agr Sci. 3: 5-8.##
Menten, J. F. M. (2002) Probióticos, prebióticos e aditivosfitogênicosnanutrição de aves. In: 2º SimpósiosobreIngredientesnaAlimentação Animal, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. Brasil. p. 251-276.##
Park, Y.H., Hamidon, F., Rajangan, C., Soh, K.P., Gan, C.Y., Lim, T.S., Abdullah, W.N.W., Liong, M.T. (2016) Application of Probiotics for the Production of Safe and High-quality Poultry Meat. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour. 36: 567-576.##
Perozo, F., Villegas, P., Dolz, R., Afonso, C.L., Purvis, L.B. (2008) The VG/GA strain of Newcastle disease virus: mucosal immunity, protection against lethal challenge and molecular analysis. Avian Pathol. 37: 237-245##
Raj, G.D., Jones, R.C. (1996) Local antibody production in the oviduct and gut of hens infected with a variant strain of infectious bronchitis virus. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 53: 147-161.##
Reynolds, D.L. Maraqa, A.D. (2000) Protective immunity against Newcastle disease: the role of cell-mediated immunity. Avian Dis. 44: 145-154.##
Saunders, P.R., Smith, F., Schusky, R.W. (2007) Echinacea purpurea L. in children: safety, tolerability, compliance, and clinical effectiveness in upper respiratory tract infections. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 85: 1195-1199.##
Schranner, I., Wurdinger, M., Klumpp, N., Losche, U., Okpanyi, S.N. (1989) Influence of medicinal complex drug (Influex) and Echinacea angustifolia extract on avian humoral immune reactions. J Vet Med B. 36: 353-364.##
Scott, T.R. (2004) Our current understanding of humoral immunity of poultry. Poult Sci. 83: 574-579.##
Seifert, S., Fritz, C., Carlini, N., Barth, S.W., Franz, C.M.A.P., Watzl, B. (2011) Modulation of innate and adaptive immunity by the probiotic Bifidobacterium longum PCB133 in turkeys. Poult Sci. 90: 2275-2280.##
Talazadeh, F., Mayahi, M., Zeinali, S. (2016) The effect of Aquablend Avian probiotic® including Lactobacillus, Streptococcus and Bifidobacterium on systemic antibody response against Newcastle and Influenza disease vaccine in broiler chickens. Int J Enteric Pathog. 4: e35689.##
Toloei, T., Ghahri, H., Talebi, A. (2010) Efficacy of mannanoligosaccharides and humateon immune response to Avian Influenza (H9) diseasevaccination in broiler chickens. Vet Res Commun. 34: 709-717.##
Wondmeneh, E., Arendonk, J.A.M., der Waaij, E.H., Ducro, B.J., Parmentier, H.K. (2015) High natural antibody titers of indigenous chickens are related with increased hazard in confinement. Poult Sci. 94: 1493-1498.##
)