Characterization of Serum Concentration CD8, CD4 ,IFN-γ and IL-4 in 4T1 Tumor Inoculated Mouse Model

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

3 Dr. Rastegar Laboratories, Faculty of veterinary medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

4 Department of pathology, university of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

10.22059/ijvm.2025.378508.1005605

Abstract

Malignancy poses a significant health risk across various species, particularly in domesticated animals such as cats and dogs. Despite initial tumor therapy screening efforts using murine models to elucidate tumor biology, the development and validation of novel therapeutic strategies necessitate the use of more sophisticated models. This study aims to characterize the immune system alterations in a 4T1 tumor-inoculated mouse model by assessing serum concentrations of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes and cytokines (IL-4, IFN-γ). 4T1 cells were cultured and inoculated subcutaneously into BALB/c female mice. Serum concentrations of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes, as well as cytokines IL-4 and IFN-γ, were measured using ELISA. Histopathological analysis of the tumors was conducted to evaluate the immunosuppressive environment. CD8 levels were significantly higher in tumor-inoculated mice compared to healthy controls (mean: 7.2613 ng/ml vs. 1.9749 ng/ml). Conversely, CD4 levels were significantly lower in the tumor group (mean: 2.7632 ng/ml vs. 4.8677 ng/ml). IFN-γ levels were reduced in the tumor-inoculated group, indicating an immunosuppressive environment (mean: 10.95238 pg/ml vs. 22.85714 pg/ml). IL-4 levels were significantly elevated in the tumor group,(mean: 27.76942 pg/ml vs. 10.85452 pg/ml). The study highlights significant immune system alterations in the 4T1 tumor model, characterized by increased CD8 levels, reduced CD4 and IFN-γ levels, and elevated IL-4 levels. These findings highlights the importance of understanding the immune-tumor interactions to address cancer immune evasion and design effective immunotherapies. The 4T1 model provides a valuable platform for future immunotherapy research, offering insights into the immune responses and potential therapeutic strategies in a clinically relevant context.

Keywords

Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 05 May 2025

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