Radiographic Assessment of hoof Balance in the Forelimb of Horses during Pre-purchase Examinations

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 Graduated from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran.

3 Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

4 Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

10.22059/ijvm.2025.396885.1005825

Abstract

Background: Equine hoof balance is crucial for maintaining health and performance, notably in the prevention of lameness and the facilitation of appropriate locomotion. Pre-purchase veterinarian examinations, particularly radiographic evaluations, are essential for detecting hoof-related problems.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the frequency and severity of hoof imbalances in horses undergoing pre-purchase radiographic evaluation. It was hypothesized that specific types of hoof imbalance would exhibit differential prevalence across age groups or between sexes.
Methods: This retrospective study assessed foot balance in the forelimbs of 100 show-jumping horses submitted for pre-purchase evaluations at equestrian clubs in proximity to Tehran. The sample comprised 50 mares and 50 stallions, aged 5 to 20 years (average age: 10 years). Latero-medial and dorso-palmar radiographic images were examined utilizing the Radiant DICOM viewer. Measurements of hoof angles and dimensions, as well as data on age, sex, and health status, were documented.
Results: Inappropriate shoeing, improper training methods, and uneven weight distribution were recognized as primary causes leading to hoof imbalance. Age was determined to affect hoof angles, with significant alterations observed as horses matured. Gender disparities were also noted in hoof measurements.
Conclusion: Appropriate shoeing and preventive treatment are essential for preserving hoof balance and averting movement problems, including lameness. Age-related alterations in hoof anatomy necessitate specialized training regimens. These findings offer significant insights for equine health management approaches.


Keywords

Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 07 February 2026

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