Comparison of broiler performance, blood biochemistry, hematology and immune response when feed diets were supplemented with ginger essential oils or mannan-oligosaccharide

Document Type : Immunology

Authors

1 Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran

2 Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran

Abstract

Background: Nutritional strategies targeting improvement of poultry performance and disease prevention are currently being developed and in this respect the dietary intake of spiced essential oils and pre-biotics in raising broilers is receiving attention. OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to compare the effects of diet containing ginger essential oils (GEO) and mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) on growth performance,  biochemical and hematological parameters, lymphoid organ weights and antibody response of broilers. METHODS: A total of 375 day old male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to five treatments (five replicates per treatment). Dietary treatments included basal diet as control, GEO-supplemented diets with inclusion levels of 50 (GEO1), 100 (GEO2) or 200 (GEO3) mg/kg, and MOS supplemented diet with an inclusion level of 2 g/kg. RESULTS: The birds fed on MOS and GEO3 diets exhibited better feed conversion ratio and higher body weight gain from 1 to 42 day of age compared with control birds (p<0.05). Serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol level in the MOS, GEO2 or GEO3 groups was lower than that of the control group (p<0.05). Serum cholesterol level was also lower in the GEO2 and MOS groups (p<0.05). Feeding on GEO3 and MOS diets significantly increased relative bursa weight and secondary antibody titer against infectious bursal disease (IBD) and infectious bronchitis (IB) vaccines as compared with control diet (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that higher level of GEO (200 g/kg) similar to MOS supplementation, improved feed efficiency and immune response. This could meet consumers’ demand for a safe feed additive.

Keywords

References

Ali, B.H., Blunden, G., Tanira, M.O., Nemmar, A. (2008) Some phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): A review of recent research. Food Chem Toxicol. 46: 409-420.
Al-Saleh, I.A., Billedo, G., Inam, I.E. (2006) Level of selenium, DL-α-tocopgerol, DL-γ-tocopherol, all trans retinol, thymoquinone and thymol in different brands of Nigella sativa seeds. J Food Comp Anal. 19: 167-175.
Arslan, S.O., Gelir, E., Armutcu, F., Coskun, O., Gurel, A., Sayan, H., Celik, I.L. (2005) The protective effect of thymoquinone on ethanol-induced acute gastric damage in the rat. Nutr Res. 25: 673-680.
Azhir, D., Zakeri, A., Kargare-Rezapour, A. (2012) Effect of ginger powder rhizome on homural immunity of broiler chickens. Eur J Exp Biol. 2: 2090-2092.
Barazesh, H., Boujar Pour, M., Salari, S., Mohammad Abadi, T. (2013) The effect of ginger powder on performance, carcass characteristics and blood parameters of broilers. Int J Adv Biol Biomed Res. 1: 1645-1651.
Brisbin, J.T., Gong, J., Lusty, C.A., Sabour, P., Sanei, B., Han, Y., Shewen, P.E., Sharif, S. (2008) Influence of in-feed virginiamycin on the systemic and mucosal antibody response of chickens. Poult Sci. 87: 1995–1999.
Castanon, J. I. R. (2007) History of the use of antibiotic as growth promoters in European poultry feeds. Poult Sci. 86: 2466–2471.
Cetin, N., Guclu, B.K., Cetin, E. (2005) The effect of prebiotics and mannan-oligosaccharide on some haematological and immunological parameters in turkey. J Vet Med A. 52: 263–267.
Crowell, P.L. (1999) Prevention and therapy of cancer by dietary monoterpenes. J Nutr. 129: 775s-778s.
Dieumou, F.E., Teguia, A., Kuiate, J.R., Tamokou, J.D., Fonge, N.B., Dongmo, M.C. (2009) Effects of ginger and garlic essential oils on growth performance and gut microbial population of broiler chickens. Livest Res Rural Dev. 21: 25-34.
El-Dakhakhny, M., Mady, N.I., Halim, M.A. (2000) Nigella sativa oil protects against induced hepatotoxicity and improves serum lipid profile in rats. Arzneimittel-Forschung/Drug Res. 50: 832–836.
El-Deek, A.A., Attia, Y.A., Hannfy, M.M. (2003) Effect of anise (Pimpinella anisum), ginger (Zingiber officinale roscoe) and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) and their mixture on performance of broilers. Archiv Für Geflügelkunde. 67: 92–96.
Fakhim, R., Ebrahimnezhad, Y., Seyedabadi, H.R., Vahdatpour, T. (2013)  Effect of different concentrations of aqueous extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on performance and carcass characteristics of male broiler chickens in wheat-soybean meal based diets. J Biosci Biotechnol. 2: 95-99.
Farinu, G.O., Ademola, S.G., Ajayi, A.O., Babatunde, G.M. (2004) Growth, haematological and biochemical studieson garlic and ginger-fed broiler chickens. Moor J Agric Res. 5: 122–128.
Fukushima, M., Nakano, M. (1996) Effects of a mixture of organisms, Lactobacillus acidophilus or Streptococcus faecalis on cholesterol metabolism in rats fed on a fat- and cholesterol- enriched diet. Br J Nutr. 76: 857- 867.
Gibson, G.R., Roberfroid, M.B. (1995) Dietary modulation of human colonic microbiota: Introducing the concept of prebiotics. J Nutr. 125: 140-142.
Gupta, Y., Sharma, M. (2001) Reversal of pyrogallol-induceddelay in gastric emptying in rats by ginger (Zingiber officinale). Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 23: 501–503.
Hashemi, S.R., Davoodi, H. (2011) Herbal plants and their derivatives as growth and health promoters in animal nutrition. Vet Res Commun. 35: 169-180.
Houshmand, M., Azhar, K., Zulkifli, I., Bejo, M.H., Meimandipour, A., Kamyab, A. (2011) Effects of non-antibiotic feed additives on performance, tibial dyschondroplasia incidence and tibia characteristics of broilers fed low-calcium diets. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr. 95: 351-358.
Iji, P.A., Saki, A.A., Tivey, D.R. (2001) Intestinal structure and function of broiler chickens on diet supplemented with a mannanoligosaccharide. J Anim Sci. 81: 1186-1192.
Kamran, Z., Mirza, M.A., Ahmad, S., Samad, H.A., Sohail, M.U., Saadullah, M. (2013) Performance of broiler chickens fed mannan oligosaccharides as alternatives to antibiotics from one to twenty-two days of age. J Anim Plant Sci. 23: 1482-1485.
Kececi, O., Oguz, H., Kurtoglu, V., Demet, Ö. (1998) Effects of polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, synthetic zeolite and bentonite on serum biochemical and haematological characters of broiler chickens during aflatoxicosis. Br Poult Sci. 39: 452-458.
Khalaji, S., Zaghari, M., Hatami, K.H., Hedari-Dastjerdi, S., Lotfi, L., Nazarian, H. (2011) Black cumin seeds, Artemisia leaves (Artemisia  sieberi), and Camellia L. plant extract as phytogenic products in broiler diets and their effects on performance, blood constituents, immunity, and cecal microbial population. Poult Sci. 90: 2500-2510.
Khodambashi-Emamia, N., Samiea, A., Rahmania, H.R., Ruiz-Feriab, C.A. (2012) The effect of peppermint essential oils and fructooligosaccharides, as alternatives to virginiamycin, on growth performance, digestibility, gut morphology and immune response of male broilers. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 175: 57-64.
Kim, G.B., Seo, Y.M., Kim, C.H., Paik, I.K. (2011) Effect of dietary prebiotic supplementation on the performance, intestinal microflora, and immune response of broilers. Poult Sci. 90: 75-82.
Lamaty, G., Menut, C., Bessiere, J.M., Zollo, P.H.A., Fekam, F. (1987) Aromatic plants of tropical central Africa. I. Volatile components of two annonaceae from cameroon: Xylopia aethiopica (dunal) A. Richard and Monodora myristica (Gaertn.). Dunal Flav Frag J. 2: 91-94.
Lucas, A.M., Jamroz, C. (1961) Atlas of Avian Hematology. Agriculture Monograph. USDA, Washington, DC, USA.
Maxwell, M.H. (1993) Avian blood leukocyte responses to stress. World’s Poult Sci J. 49: 34-43.
Mehala, C., Moorthy, M. (2008) Effect of Aloe vera and Curcuma longa (Turmeric) on carcass characteristics and biochemical parameters of broilers. Int J Poult Sci. 7: 857-861.
Nasir, Z., Grashorn, M.A. (2010) Effects of Echinacea purpurea and Nigella sativa supplementation on broiler performance, carcass and meat quality. J Anim Feed Sci. 19: 94-110.
Ooi, L.G., Liong, M.T. (2010) Cholesterol-lowering effects of probiotics and prebiotics: a review of in vivo and in vitro findings. Int J Mol Sci. 11: 2499-2522.
Patterson, J.A., Burkhoder, K.M. (2003) Application of prebiotics and probiotics in poultry production. Poult Sci. 82: 627–631.
Pish-Jang, J. (2011) Comparison of effect of Cuminum cyminum and Probiotic on Performance and serum composition of broiler chickens. Ann Biol Res. 2: 630-634.
Platel, K., Srinivasan, K. (2000) Influence of dietary spices and their active principles on pancreatic digestive enzymes in albino rats. Nahrung/Food. 44: 42–46.
Ravindran, P.N., Babu, K.N. (2005) Ginger the Genus Zingiber, CRC Press. Florida, USA.
Robertfroid, M.B., Delzenne, N. (1998) Dietary fructans. Ann Rev Nutr. 18: 117-143.
Rosen, G. D. (2007) Holo-analysis of the efficacy of Bio-Mos® in turkey nutrition. Br Poult Sci. 48: 27–32.
Saeid, J.M., Mohamed, A.B., Al-Baddy, M.A. (2010) Effect of aqueous extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on blood biochemistry parameters of broiler. Int J Poult Sci. 9: 944–947.
Seifi, S. (2013) An investigation of the effects of using an enzyme-probiotic combination on broilers performance.  Iran J Vet Med. 7: 299-304.
Shanoon, A.K., Jassim, M.S., Amin, Q.H., Ezaddin, I.N. (2012) Effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale) oil on growth performance and microbial population of broiler Ross 308. Int J Poult Sci. 11: 589-593.
Spring, P., Wenk, C., Dawson, K.A., Newman, K.E. (2000) The effect of dietary mannanoligosaccharides on cecal parameters and the concentrations of enteric bacteria in the ceca of Salmonella-challenged broiler chicks. Poult Sci. 79: 205–211.
Tekeli, A., Kutlu, H.R., Çelik, L. (2011) Effects of z. Officinale and propolis extracts on the performance, carcass and some blood parameters of broiler chicks. Curr Res Poult Sci. 1: 12-23.
Toghyani, M., Toghyani, M., Gheisari, A., Ghalamkari, G., Mohammad rezaei, M. (2010) Growth performance, serum biochemistry and blood hematology of broiler chicks fed different levels of black seed (Nigella sativa) and peppermint (Mentha piperita). Livest Sci. 129: 173-178.
Williams, J., Mallet, S., Leconte, M., Lessire, M., Gabriel, I. (2008) The effects of fructo-oligosaccharides or whole wheat on the performance and digestive tract of broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci. 49: 329–339.
Windisch, W., Schedle, K., Plitzner, C., Kroismayr, A. (2008) Use of phytogenic products as feed additives for swine and poultry. J Anim Sci. 86: E140-E148.
Yalçın, S., Yalçın, S., Uzunoğlu, K., Duyum, H.M., Eltan, Ö. (2012) Effects of dietary yeast autolysate (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and black cumin seed (Nigella sativa L.) on performance, egg traits, some blood characteristics and antibody production of laying hens. Livest Sci. 145: 13-20.
Zhang, G.F., Yang, Z.B., Wang, Y., Yang, W.R., Jiang, S.Z., Gal, G.S. (2009) Effects of ginger root (Zingiber officinale) processed to different particle sizes on growth performance, antioxidant status, and serum metabolites of broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 88: 2159–2166.
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Volume 9, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
October 2015
Pages 195-205

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics