Comparison of required induction dose, induction and recovery characteristics, and cardiorespiratory effects of co-administration of ketofol with diazepam and midazolam in healthy dogs

Document Type : Infectious agents- Diseases

Authors

1 Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Student of Veterinary Medicine,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

Background: Co-administration of anesthetics has been employed to decrease potential unpleasant effects associated with single drug. OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of co-administration of ketofol with diazepam or midazolam in healthy dogs. METHODS: Six adult mix-breed male dogs were used. After sedation with acepromazine (0.1 mg/kg), anesthesia was induced with keteofol (KF; 1 ml contained 5 mg ketamine and 5 mg propofol), ketofol-diazepam (KFD), or ketofol-midazolam (KFM) (1 ml contained 5 mg KF and 2.5 mg diazepam or midazolam) randomly. All the dogs received the three treatments with at least one week interval. RESULTS: The total dose of ketofol used for induction of anesthesia in KF (4.2±0.44 mg/kg) was significantly higher than KFD (2.27±0.6 mg/kg) and KFM (1.68±0.25 mg/kg). The total dose of diazepam and midazolam used in KFD and KFM was 1.00±0.25 and 0.73±0.10 mg/kg, respectively (p>0.05). The time needed for sternal recumbency, standing position and normal walking was longer in KFD and KFM compared to KF (p<0.05). Heart rate (HR) showed significant increase in KF at several time points (p<0.05). Respiratory rate (fr) in KF showed a significant decrease during the anesthesia period compared to the base (p<0.05). HR and fr were more stable in KFD and KFM. Induction and recovery quality in the three treatments were acceptable. CONCLUSIONS: Co-administration of ketofol with diazepam and midazolam reduced the required induction dose and prolonged recovery in dogs. Diazepam and midazolam could attenuate the unfavorable effects of ketofol in some cardiorespiratory variables.
 

Keywords


Article Title [Persian]

مقایسه دوز مورد نیاز القا، خصوصیات القا و برگشت از بیهوشی و تأثیرات قلبی-تنفسی تجویز همزمان کتوفول با دیازپام و میدازولام در سگهای سالم

Authors [Persian]

  • هادی ایمانی 1
  • علی بنی آدم 1
  • بهمن مصلی نژاد 1
  • شهرزاد شعبانی 2
1 گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
2 گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
Abstract [Persian]

زمینه مطالعه:  تجویز همزمان داروهای بیهوشی به منظور کاهش اثرات ناخواسته هر یک از این داروها انجام می‌شود. هدف: این مطالعه به منظور بررسی اثرات تجویز همزمان کتوفول با دیازپام و میدازولام در سگ‌های سالم طراحی شد. روش کار: تعداد شش قلاده سگ بالغ نژاد مخلوط مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. پس از آرام‌بخشی با داروی آسپرومازین (mg/kg 1/0)، بیهوشی با یکی از سه درمان کتوفول (KF، هر میلی‌لیتر شامل mg‌5 کتامین و mg‌5 پروپوفول)، کتوفول-دیازپام (KFD) و کتوفول-میدازولام (KFM) (هر  میلی‌لیتر شامل mg‌5 کتوفول و mg‌5/2 دیازپام یا میدازولام) به صورت تصادفی القا شد. همه سگ‌ها هر سه درمان را به فاصله حداقل یک هفته دریافت نمودند. نتایج: دوز مورد نیاز برای القای بیهوشی در KFر(mg/kg 44/0±2/4) بالاتر از KFDر(mg/kg 6/0±27/2) و KFMر(mg/kg 25/0±68/1) تعیین شد (05/0>p). دوز نهایی دیازپام و میدازولام در KFD و KFM به ترتیب mg/kg 25/0±00/1 و mg/kg 10/0±73/0 بود (05/0<p). زمان مورد نیاز برای نشستن روی جناغ، ایستادن و راه رفتن طبیعی در گروه KFD و KFM طولانی‌تر از KF بود (05/0>p). تعداد ضربان قلب در KF در چندین نقطه زمانی افزایش یافت (05/0>p). تعداد تنفس در KF یک کاهش معنی‌داری را در زمان بیهوشی در مقایسه با زمان پایه نشان داد. ضربان قلب و تعداد تنفس در KFD و KFM ثبات بیشتری را نشان داد. کیفیت القا و برگشت از بیهوشی در هر سه درمان قابل قبول بود. نتیجه‌گیری نهایی: تجویز همزمان کتوفول با دیازپام و کتامین مقدار داروی مورد نیاز برای القا را کاهش داد و برگشت از بیهوشی را طولانی ساخت. دیازپام و میدازولام توانستند برخی اثرات جانبی قلبی-تنفسی کتوفول را کاهش دهند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • تجویز همزمان
  • کتوفول
  • دیازپام
  • میدازولام
  • سگ
 
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