Document Type : Case Report
Authors
1 Department of Environmental sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Assistant professor, Department of veterinary pathobiology, Islamic Azad University, Babol branch, Babol, Iran.
3 Young Researchers and Elite Club, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
4 Golestan Office of the Environment Department, Gorgan, Iran
Abstract
Keywords
Dermatofibroma is a common dermal nod- ule that is unexplained (Campanacci, 2013). Dermatofibroma is most frequently found in the skin and soft tissues of cats, occasional- ly found in horses and mules, and rarely in other domestic species’ skin, including dogs. Dermatofibroma is usually asymptomatic, but itching and pain are often noted. Derma- tofibroma is the most common of all painful skin tumors (Crisan et al., 2014). The exact mechanism for the development of Derma- tofibroma is unknown. Rather than a reactive tissue change, evidence that Dermatofibroma may be a neoplastic process is demonstrated by its clonal proliferative growth (Chen et al., 2000). The cause of Dermatofibroma is un- known, it was historically attributed to being a reactive response to some traumatic lesion to the skin (e.g. arthropod bite) (Reich et al., 2017). Clonality, by itself, is not necessari- ly synonymous with a neoplastic process; it has been demonstrated in inflammatory con- ditions, including atopic dermatitis, lichen
sclerosis, and psoriasis. Dermatofibroma tu- mor genesis may be due to distorted protein kinase C activity (Płaszczyca et al., 2014).
A seven-year-old female Persian leopard was dead because of accidents a road-kill in Golestan National Park, Iran, in May 2014. Following necropsy, skin mass on the sideline of the right toe was observed. The mass was dissected in necropsy. The resect- ed mass sample was grayish-white in color and measured 2×2×1.5cm, with necrosis at the cut surface (Figure 1). The sample was fixed in 10 % buffered formalin. Serial sections of the formalin-fixed, paraffin-em- bedded sample were produced and serial sections were cut, using a rotary microtome (Leitz, 1512, Germany) at 5 μm. The sam- ples were stained by routine hematoxylin and eosin (HandE) and CD34 immunohis- tochemical staining.
Figure 1. Grayish-white dermal nodule on the right toe in Persian leopard (arrow).
Histopathologic examination showed a non-capsulated, circumscribed and clear demarcated dermal nodule. The nodule contained hypocellular and hyalinized thick bundles of collagen. The collagen bun- dles were shaped in a whorled pattern with prominent clefts. Lymphocyte infiltration was observed between the bundles of col- lagen (Figure 2). Immunohistochemistry is a powerful microscopy-based technique that is important in the differential diagno-
sis of dermatofibroma. In this study, immu- nohistochemical staining revealed positiv- ity for CD34 (Figure 3). Dermatofibroma was diagnosed according to the results of histopathological and immunohistochemi- cal findings. To our knowledge, this is the first report of dermatofibroma in the Per- sian leopard. Previous studies have report- ed CD-positive fibroma in dermatofibrosar- coma, sclerotic fibroma and lip (Alawi and Freedman, 2004; Mcniff et al., 2005; Wang and Sarma, 2007).
Figure 2. Prominent hypocellular, necrosis and hyalinized eosinophilic thick bundles of collagen in a whorled pattern. HandE staining. 10x, 40x.