Renal Resistive Index and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Components as Early Indicators of Kidney Damage in Persian cat Polycystic Kidney Disease

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Articles

Authors

1 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

4 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

5 Diagnostic imaging, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria

Abstract

Objectives: Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) in Persian cats is a common genetic disorder that accounts for 10% of chronic renal failures. This study aimed to assess the effect of PKD progression on renal resistive index (RI), plasma renin activity (PRA), angiotensin II (ANG II), aldosterone levels and systolic blood pressure in Persian cats.
Methods: Fifty Persian cats (25 PKD and 25 healthy) were included in the present study. The blood pressure of each cat was measured, and then PRA, ANG II, and aldosterone enzymes were evaluated by ELISA test. Additionally, B-Mode ultrasonography was performed in PKD group to evaluate and calculate the diameter and overall volume of cysts (OVC). Furthermore, the RI was computed by pulsed-wave Doppler in all cats.
Results: There were no significant differences in the systolic blood pressure between healthy and PKD cats (138.84±2.89 mmHg and 140.92±2.35 mmHg). PRA, aldosterone, and ANG II were significantly higher in the PKD group compared to the healthy group; 3.64±0.36 vs 2.26±0.029 ng/ml (p<0.01), 80.45±2.35 vs 30.98±1.75 pg/ml (p<0.0001), and 53.54±3.22 vs. 30.08±3.06 pg/ml (p<0.0001), respectively. Statistically significant increases (p<0.0001) were detected in RIs of right and left kidneys in PKD cats (0.72±0.01 and 0.71±0.008, respectively) compared with healthy cats (0.59±0.008 and 0.60±0.008). The statistical analysis showed a strong direct correlation between RI changes and the right or left kidney OVC (p<0.001), in which manifest the correlation between RI increase and renal disease progression.
Conclusion: Increase in renin-angiotensin-aldosterone activity, and RI in Persian cats diagnosed with PKD can be valuable diagnostic tools for their renal disease progression. However, our results showed that the systemic blood pressure is maintained and stays in its normal ranges.

Keywords

Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 11 October 2023

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